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Src and Fyn define a new signaling cascade activated by canonical and non-canonical Wnt ligands and required for gene transcription and cell invasion

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Abstract

Wnt ligands signal through canonical or non-canonical signaling pathways. Although both routes share common elements, such as the Fz2 receptor, they differ in the co-receptor and in many of the final responses; for instance, whereas canonical Wnts increase β-catenin stability, non-canonical ligands downregulate it. However, both types of ligands stimulate tumor cell invasion. We show here that both the canonical Wnt3a and the non-canonical Wnt5a stimulate Fz2 tyrosine phosphorylation, Fyn binding to Fz2, Fyn activation and Fyn-dependent Stat3 phosphorylation. Wnt3a and Wnt5a require Src for Fz2 tyrosine phosphorylation; Src binds to canonical and non-canonical co-receptors (LRP5/6 and Ror2, respectively) and is activated by Wnt3a and Wnt5a. This Fz2/Fyn/Stat3 branch is incompatible with the classical Fz2/Dvl2 pathway as shown by experiments of over-expression or depletion. Fyn is necessary for transcription of genes associated with invasiveness, such as Snail1, and for activation of cell invasion by both Wnt ligands. Our results extend the knowledge about canonical Wnt pathways, demonstrating additional roles for Fyn in this pathway and describing how this protein kinase is activated by both canonical and non-canonical Wnts.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Drs. A. Muñoz, Y. Minami, J.M. González-Sancho, A. Kikuchi, and A.C. Carrera for kindly providing reagents. This research was funded by Grants from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) co-funded by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-FEDER-UE to MD (BFU2015-65153-R) and AGH (SAF2016-76461-R). We also appreciate support from ICREA Academia and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PIE15/00008). GF was recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from FPI (MINECO).

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  1. Aida Villarroel and Beatriz del Valle-Pérez contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain

    Aida Villarroel, Beatriz del Valle-Pérez, Guillem Fuertes, Josué Curto, Neus Ontiveros & Mireia Duñach

  2. Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Unidad Asociada CSIC, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, c/Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain

    Antonio Garcia de Herreros

  3. Departament de Ciències, Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003, Barcelona, Spain

    Antonio Garcia de Herreros

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  1. Aida Villarroel
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Villarroel, A., del Valle-Pérez, B., Fuertes, G. et al. Src and Fyn define a new signaling cascade activated by canonical and non-canonical Wnt ligands and required for gene transcription and cell invasion. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 77, 919–935 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-019-03221-2

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