Abstract
In this paper we describe a 1-dimensional variational approach to the analytical construction of equivariant biharmonic maps. Our goal is to provide a direct method which enables analysts to compute directly the analytical conditions which guarantee biharmonicity in the presence of suitable symmetries. In the second part of our work, we illustrate and discuss some examples. In particular, we obtain a 1-dimensional stability result, and also show that biharmonic maps do not satisfy the classical maximum principle proved by Sampson for harmonic maps.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. Baird and J. C. Wood, Harmonic Morphisms between Riemannian Manifolds, London Mathematical Society Monographs, New Series 29. The Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2003.
Balmus A., Montaldo S., Oniciuc C.: Classification results for biharmonic submanifolds in spheres. Israel J. Math. 168, 201–220 (2008)
A. Balmus, S. Montaldo and C. Oniciuc, Biharmonic hypersurfaces in 4-dimensional space forms, Math. Nachr. 283 (no. 12) (2010), 1696–1705.
Balmus A., Montaldo S., Oniciuc C.: Biharmonic maps between warped product manifolds. J. Geom. Phys. 57, 449–466 (2007)
Caddeo R., Montaldo S., Oniciuc C., Piu P.: The Euler-Lagrange method for biharmonic curves. Mediterr. J. Math. 3, 449–465 (2006)
L. Corradi Dell’Acqua, Meccanica delle strutture, McGraw-Hill Italia, 1992.
Harmonic Maps Bibliography, http://people.bath.ac.uk/masfeb/harmonic.html
J. Eells and A. Ratto, Harmonic Maps and Minimal Immersions with Symmetries: Methods of Ordinary Differential Equations Applied to Elliptic Variational Problems, Annals of Mathematics Studies 130, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1993.
J. Eells and L. Lemaire, Another report on harmonic maps, Bull. London Math. Soc. 20 (no. 5) (1988), 385–524.
J. Eells and L. Lemaire, Selected topics in harmonic maps, CBMS Regional Conference Series in Mathematics 50, American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1983.
Eells J., Lemaire L.: A report on harmonic maps. Bull. London Math. Soc. 10, 1–68 (1978)
G. Y. Jiang, 2-harmonic maps and their first and second variation formulas, Chinese Ann. Math. Ser. A 7 (no. 4) (1986), 389–402.
Montaldo S., Oniciuc C.: A short survey on biharmonic maps between riemannian manifolds. Rev. Un. Mat. Argentina 47, 1–22 (2006)
J. H. Sampson, Some properties and applications of harmonic mappings, Ann. Sc. École Norm. Sup. Série 4 11 (1978), 211–228.
Y. Xin, Geometry of harmonic maps, Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and their Applications, Birkhäuser Boston Inc., Boston, MA, 1996.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Work supported by Contributo d’Ateneo, University of Cagliari, Italy.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Montaldo, S., Ratto, A. A General Approach to Equivariant Biharmonic Maps. Mediterr. J. Math. 10, 1127–1139 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00009-012-0207-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00009-012-0207-3