Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Are Hypoglycaemia and Other Adverse Effects Similar Among Sulphonylureas?

  • Review Article
  • Published:
Adverse Drug Reactions and Toxicological Reviews

Abstract

This review provides an updated overview of the adverse effects of sulphonylureas and identifies factors associated with variation in adverse effect rates among sulphonylureas published by different studies. A search of Medline, Embase, Current Contents and Cochrane Library was conducted to identify all papers related to sulphonylureas and adverse effects published from 1950–2001. The reference lists of all relevant papers were also searched for additional articles.

The frequency of sulphonylurea-induced hypoglycaemia varied from 1.8–59%. Severe hypoglycaemia due to sulphonylurea use has been reported from 1.9–3.5%. Variation in hypoglycaemia rates may be due to differences in definitions, methods to detect and to collect information, patient characteristics, patient knowledge of the condition, threshold for symptoms, and activity level during hypoglycaemia. Other adverse effects associated with sulphonylurea use include bodyweight gain, gastrointestinal distress, disulphiram-like syndrome, dermatological reactions, haematological changes, ocular problems, and the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Bodyweight gain has been reported to vary from 1.7–4.8kg, according to the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS-33). Controversy exists regarding cardiovascular adverse effects, but the consensus is to exercise caution in the use of these drugs as first-line therapy for patients with diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease. The benefits of sulphonylurea treatment should be weighed against the risks associated with them. More work in this area is needed to homogenise the definition of hypoglycaemia, to get consensus on the methods for detection and data collection, as well as to further patient and physician education.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Table I
Table II
Table III
Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Lebovitz HE. Oral antidiabetic agents. In: Kahn RG, Weir GC, editors. Joslin’s diabetes mellitus. 13th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Lea & Febiger, 1994: 509–29

    Google Scholar 

  2. Inzucchi SE. Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes. JAMA 2002; 287: 3609–372

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Ferner RE. Oral hypoglycemic agents. Med Clin North Am 1988; 72: 1323–35

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Groth CG, Tyden G, Ostman J. Fifteen years’ experience with pancreas transplantation with pancreaticoenterostomy. Diabetes 1989; 38Suppl. 1: 13–5

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Melander A, Bitzen PO, Faber O, et al. Sulphonylureas antidiabetic drugs: an update of their clinical pharmacology and rational therapeutic use. Drugs 1989; 37: 58–72

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Philipson LH, Steiner DF. Pas de deux or more: the sulfonylurea receptor and K+ channels. Science 1995; 270: 1166–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Miki T, Nagashima K, Seino S. The structure and function of the ATP-sensitive K+ channel in insulin-secreting pancreatinc b-cells. J Mol Endocrinol 1999; 22: 113–23

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Sturgess NC, Ashford NLJ, Cook DL, et al. The sulphonylurea receptor may be an ATP-sensitive potassium channel. Lancet 1985; 8453: 474–5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Zimmerman BR. Sulfonylureas. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1997; 26: 511–22

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Quillen DM. Medications for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. American Academy of Family Physicians. 52nd Annual Scientific Assembly [online]. Available from URL: http://www.medscape.com/Medscape/CNO/2000/AAFP/pnt-AAFP.html [Accessed 2002 Feb 9]

  11. Shen SW, Bressler R. Clinical pharmacology of oral antidiabetic agents. N Engl J Med 1979; 296: 493–7

    Google Scholar 

  12. UKPDS-33. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998; 352: 837–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Boccuzzi SJ, Wogen J, Fox J, et al. Utilization of oral hypoglycemic agents in a drug-insured US population. Diabetes Care 2001; 24: 1411–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Benitez J, Puerto AM, Diaz JA. Differences in antidiabetic drug utilization between three different health systems in the same national region. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1992; 42: 151–4

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Olefsky JM, Reaven GM. Effects of sulfonylurea therapy on insulin binding to mononuclear leukocytes of diabetic patients. Am J Med 1976; 60: 89–95

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Jacobs DB, Hayes GR, Lockwood DH. In vitro effects of sulfonylureas on glucose transport and translocation of clusoe transporters in adipocytes from streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes 1989; 38: 205–11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Feld S. AACE diabetes guidelines. Endocr Pract 2000; 6: 43–67

    Google Scholar 

  18. Campbell IW. Metformin and the sulphonylureas: the comparative risk. Horm Metab Res 1985; Suppl. 15: 105–11

    Google Scholar 

  19. Walter Jr RM. Hypoglycemia: still a risk in the elderly. Geriatrics 1990; 45: 69–75

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Shorr RI, Ray WA, Daugherty JR, et al. Individual sulfonylureas and serious hypoglycemia in older people. J Am Geriatr Soc 1996; 44: 751–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Ferner RE, Neil HAW. Sulphonylureas and hypoglycaemia. BMJ 1988; 296: 949–50

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Widom B, Simonson DC. Iatrogenic hypoglycemia. In: Kahn R, Weir GC, editors. Joslin’s diabetes mellitus. 13th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Lea & Febiger, 1994: 489–507

    Google Scholar 

  23. Anderson Jr JH, Brunelle RL, Keohane P, et al. Mealtime treatment with insulin analog improves postprandial hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Multicenter Insulin Lispro Study Group. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 1249–55

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Jones TW, McCarthy G, Tamborlane WV, et al. Mild hypoglycemia and impairment of brain stem and cortical evoked potentials in healthy subjects. Diabetes 1990; 39: 1550–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Maran A, Lomas J, Archibald H, et al. Double blind clinical and laboratory study of hypoglycaemia with human and porcine insulin in diabetic patients reporting hypoglycaemia un-awareness after transferring to human insulin. BMJ 1993; 306: 167–71

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. McCrimmon RJ, Frier BM. Symptomatic and physiological responses to hypoglycaemia induced by human soluble insulin and the analogue Lispro human insulin. Diabet Med 1997; 14: 929–36

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Asplund K, Wiholm BE, Lithner F. Glibenclamide-associated hypoglycaemia: a report on 57 cases. Diabetologia 1983; 24: 412–7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Cox DJ, Gonder-Frederick L, Antoun B, et al. Psychobehavioral metabolic parameters of severe hypoglycemic episodes. Diabetes Care 1990; 13: 458–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Holstein A, Lankes HG, Egberts EH. Diagnostic pitfalls in sulfonylurea-induced neuroglycopenic syndrome with hemiparesis, dysphasia and somnolence. Med Klin 1998; 93: 374–7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Hepburn DA. Symptoms of hypoglycemia. In: Frier BM, Fisher BM, editors. Hypoglycemia and diabetes. London: Edward Arnold, 1993: 93–103

    Google Scholar 

  31. Gonder-Frederick L, Cox D, Kovatchev B, et al. The psychosocial impact of severe hypoglycemic episodes on spouses of patients with IDDM. Diabetes Care 1997; 20: 1543–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Bielefeldt K, Reis HE. Hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetic patients. Med Klin 1990; 85: 117–20

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Cox DJ, Gonder-Frederick L, Antoun B, et al. Perceived symptoms in the recognition of hypoglycemia. Diabetes Care 1993; 16: 519–27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Gonder-Frederick L, Cox DJ, Driesen NR, et al. Individual differences in neurobehavioral disruption during mild and moderate hypoglycemia in adults with IDDM. Diabetes 1994; 43: 1407–12

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Mitrakou A, Ryan C, Veneman T, et al. Hierarchy of glycemic thresholds for counter regulatory hormone secretion, symptoms and cerebral dysfunction. Am J Physiol 1991; 260: E67–74

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Cryer PE, Fisher JN, Shamoon H. Hypoglycemia. Diabetes Care 1994; 17: 734–55

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Lins PE, Adamson H. Neurologic manifestations of hypoglycemia. In: Frier BM, Fisher BM, editors. Hypoglycaemia and diabetes: clinical and physiological aspects. London: Edward Arnold, 1993: 347–354

    Google Scholar 

  38. Mutch WJ, Dingwall-Fordyce I. Is it a hypo?: knowledge of the symptoms of hypoglycaemia in elderly diabetic patients. Diabetic Med 1985; 2: 54–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Ritholz MD, Jacobson AM. Living with hypoglycemia. J Gen Intern Med 1998; 13(12): 799–804

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Seltzer HS. Drug-induced hypoglycemia: a review of 1418 cases. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1989; 18: 163–83

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Casparie AF, Elving LD. Severe hypoglycemia in diabetic patients: frequency, causes, and prevention. Diabetes Care 1985; 8: 141–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Jennings AM, Wilson RM, Ward JD. Symptomatic hypoglycemia in NIDDM patients treated with oral hypoglycemic agents. Diabetes Care 1989; 12: 203–8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Van Staa T, Abenhaim L, Monette J. Rates of hypoglycemia in users of sulfonylureas. J Clin Epidemiol 1997; 50: 735–41

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. UKPDS 16. Overview of 6 years therapy of type II diabetes: a progressive disease. Diabetes 1995; 44: 1249–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Turner R, Cull C, Holman H, et al. UKPDS17. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124 (Pt 2): 136–45

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. UK prospective study of therapies of maturity-onset diabetes: I. Effect of diet, sulphonylurea, insulin or biguanide therapy on fasting glucose and bodyweight over one year. Diabetologia 1983; 24: 404–11

    Google Scholar 

  47. Berger W. Incidence of severe side effects during therapy with sulfonylureas and biguanides. Horm Metab Res 1985; 15: 111–5

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Hoeschst-Rousell Pharmaceuticals. Division of Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc. In: physicians’ desk reference. 56th ed. Montvale (NJ): Medical Economics Company Inc., 2002: 717–9

    Google Scholar 

  49. Rosenstock J, Samols E, Muchmore DB, et al. Glimepiride, a new once-daily sulfonylurea: a double-blind placebo-controlled study of NIDDM patients. Glimepiride Study Group. Diabetes Care 1996; 19: 1194–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Dills DG, Schneider J, and the Glimepiride/Glyburide Research Group. Clinical evaluation of glimepiride versus glyburide in NIDDM in a double-blind comparative study. Horm Metab Res 1996; 28: 426–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Schade DS, Jovanovic L, Schneider J. A placebo-controlled, randomized study of glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for whom diet therapy is unsuccessful. J Clin Pharmacol 1998; 38: 636–41

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Goldberg RB, Schneider J, Holvey SM, et al. A dose-response study of glimepiride in patients with NIDDM who have previously received sulfonylurea agents. Diabetes Care 1996; 19: 849–56

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Draeger KE, Wenicke-Panten K, Lomp HJ, et al. Long-term treatment of type 2 diabetic patients with the new oral antidiabetic agent glimepiride (Amaryl): a double-blind comparison with glibenclamide. Horm Metab Res 1996; 28: 419–25

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Kitabchi AE, Kaminska E, Fisher JN, et al. Comparative efficacy and potency of long-term therapy with glipizide or glyburide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Med Sci 2000; 319: 143–8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Wolffenbuttel BHR, Landgraf R. A 1-year multicenter randomized double-blind comparison of repaglinide and glyburide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 463–7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Simonson DC, Kourides IA, Feinglos M, et al. Efficacy, safety, and dose-response characteristics of glipizide gastrointestinal therapyetic system on glycemic control and insulin secretion in NIDDM: results of two multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials. Diabetes Care 1997; 20: 597–606

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Jaber LA, Antal EJ, Slaughter RL, et al. Comparison of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of short- and long-term glyburide therapy in NIDDM. Diabetes Care 1994; 17: 1300–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Simonson DC, Kourides IA, Feinglos M, et al. Efficacy, safety and dose-response characteristics of glipizide gastrointestinal therapeutic system on glycemic control and insulin secretion in NIDDM: results of two multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials. Diabetes Care 1997; 20: 597–606

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Langtry HD, Balfour JA. Glimepiride: a review of its use in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs 1998; 55: 563–84

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Harrower AD. Pharmacokinetcis of oral antihyperglycaemic agents in patients with renal insufficiency. Clin Pharmacokinet 1996; 31: 111–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Rosenkranz B. Pharmacokinetic basis for the safety of glimepiride in risk groups of NIDDM patients. Horm Metab Res 1996; 28: 434–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Shorr RI, Ray WA, Daugherty JR, et al. Incidence and risk factors for serious hypoglycemia in older persons using insulin or sulfonylureas. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 1681–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Harris MI. Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus among the elderly in the United States. Clin Geriatr Med 1990; 6: 703–19

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Miller CD, Phillips LS, Ziemer DC, et al. Hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161: 1653–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Chang TYK, Cheung AYK. Predictors of relapse in elderly diabetic patients admitted with sulphonylureas-induced severe hypoglycaemic attacks. Age Ageing 1997; 26: 409–10

    Google Scholar 

  66. Shorr RI, Ray WA, Daugherty JR, et al. Incidence and risk factors for serious hypoglycemia in older persons using insulin or sulfonylureas. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 1681–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Seltzer HS. Severe drug-induced hypoglycemia: a review. Compr Ther 1979; 5: 21–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Bailey CJ, Flatt PR, Marks V. Drugs inducing hypoglycemia. Pharmacol Ther 1989; 42: 361–84

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Holstein A, Plaschke A, Egberts EH. Lower incidence of severe hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with glimepiride versus glibenclamide. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2001; 17: 467–73

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Ben-Ami H, Nagachandran P, Mendelson A, et al. Drug-induced hypoglycemic coma in 102 diabetic patients. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 281–4

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. The University Group Diabetes Program. A study of the effect of hypoglycemic agents on vascular complications in patients with adult onset diabetes. VI: supplementary report on nonfatal events in patients treated with tolbutamide. Diabetes 1976; 25: 1129–53

    Google Scholar 

  72. Kilo C, Miller JP, Williamson JR. The crux of the University Group Diabetes Program: spurious results and biologically inappropriate data analysis. Diabetologia 1980; 18: 179–85

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Geisen K, Vegh A, Krause E, et al. Cardiovascular effects of conventional sulfonylureas and glimepiride. Horm Metab Res 1996; 28: 496–507

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Brady PA, Terzic A. The sulfonylurea controversy: more questions from the heart. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 31: 950–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. University Group Diabetes Program. A study of the effects of hypoglycemic agents on vascular complications in patients with adult-onset diabetes: II. mortality results. Diabetes 1970; 19Suppl. 2: 7789–830

    Google Scholar 

  76. Norma A. ATP-regulated K+ channels in cardiac muscle. Nature 1983; 305: 147–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Cleveland Jr JC, Meldrum DR, Cain BS, et al. Oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents prevent ischemic preconditioning in human myocardium: two paradoxes revisited. Circulation 1997; 96: 29–32

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Jackson WF. Arteriolar tone is determined by activity of ATP-sensitive potassium channels. Am J Physiol 1993; 265: H1797–803

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Narishige T, Egashira K, Akatsuka Y, et al. Glibenclamide prevents coronary vasodilation induced by b1-adrenoceptor stimulation in dogs. Am J Physiol 1994; 266: H84–92

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Matsuo M, Tanabe K, Kioka N, et al. Different binding properties and affinities for ATP and ADP among sulfonylurea receptor subtypes, SUR1, SUR2A and SUR2B. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 28757–63

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Panten U, Schwanstecher M, Schwanstecher C. Pancreatic and extrapancreatic sulfonylurea receptors. Horm Metab Res 1992; 24: 549–54

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Ladgraf R. Meglitinide analogues in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs Aging 2000; 17: 411–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Panten U, Schwanstecher M, Schwanstecher C. Sulfonylurea receptors and mechanism of sulfonylurea action. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1996; 104: 1–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Ashcroft FM. Mechanisms of the glycaemic effects of sulfonylureas. Horm Metab Res 1996; 28: 456–63

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Boyd III AE. Sulfonylurea receptors, ion channels, and fruit flies. Diabetes 1988; 37: 847–50

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Bloomgarden ZT. International Diabetes Federation Meeting, 1997: issues in the treatment of type 2 diabetes; sulfonylureas, metformin and troglitazone. Diabetes Care 1998; 21: 1024–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Garratt KN, Brady PA, Hassinger NL, et al. Sulfonylurea drugs increase early mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus after direct angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 33: 119–24

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. O’Keefe JH, Blackstone EH, Sergeant P, et al. The optimal mode of coronary revascularization for diabetics. Eur Heart J 1998; 19: 1696–703

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Tosaki A, Szerdahelyi P, Engelman RM, et al. Potassium channel openers and blockers: do they possess proarrhythmic or anti-arrhythmic activity in ischemic and reperfused rat hearts? J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1993; 267: 1355–62

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Kantor PF, Coetzee WA, Carmeliet EE, et al. Reduction of ischemic K+ loss and arrhythmias in rat hearts. Circ Res 1990; 66: 478–85

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Billman GE, Avendano CE, Halliwill JR, et al. The effects of the ATP dependent potassium channel antagonist, glyburide, on coronary blood flow and susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation in anaesthetized dogs. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1993; 21: 197–204

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Heine RJ. Role of sulfonylureas in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Part II: ‘The cons’. Horm Metab Res 1996; 28: 522–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Dagogo-Jack S, Santiago JV. Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and modes of action of therapeutic interventions. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 1802–17

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Hong LW, Wright JM. Risk of sulfonylurea drugs is underappreciated [letter]. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35: 820

    Google Scholar 

  95. Hermann LS, Schersten B, Bitzen P, et al. Therapeutic comparison of metaformin and sulfonylurea, alone and in various combinations. Diabetes Care 1994; 17: 1100–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) 13. Relative efficacy of randomly allocated diet, sulphonylurea, insulin, or metformin in patients with newly diagnosed non-insulin dependent diabetes followed for three years. BMJ 1995; 310: 83–8

    Google Scholar 

  97. Kamien M, Ward A, Mansfield F, et al. Patient practices, and satisfaction with GP care. Aust Fam Physician 1995; 24: 1043–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Marsiaj HI, Catalano C, Sum CF, et al. Management of newly diagnosed non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus: a retrospective audit. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1991; 12: 129–36

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Campbell IW, Menzies DG, Chalmers J, et al. One year comparative trial of metformin and glipizide in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab 1994; 20: 394–400

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Gerich JE. Oral hypoglycemic agents. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 1231–45

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Hoeschst-Rousell Pharmaceuticals. Division of Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc. In: physicians’ desk reference. 56th ed. Montvale (NJ): Medical Economics Company Inc., 2002: 741–2

    Google Scholar 

  102. Dusoleil A, Condat B, Sobesky R, et al. Glimepiride-induced acute hepatitis. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 1999; 23: 1096–7

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Hoskins PJ, Wiles PG, Volkman HP. Chlorpropamide alcohol flushing: a normal response? Clin Sci 1987; 73: 77–80

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Holmes B, Heel RC, Brogden RN, et al. Gliclazide: a preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic properties and therapeutic efficacy in diabetes mellitus. Drugs 1984; 27: 301–27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Paice BJ, Paterson KR, Lawson DH. Undesired effects of sulfonylurea drugs. Adverse Drug React Acute Poisoning Rev 1985; 1: 23–36

    Google Scholar 

  106. Girardin E, Conte Devolx B. Mode of action of hypoglycemic sulfanilamides. Therapie 1991; 46: 311–4

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Abbate SL, Hoogwerf BJ. Hemolytic anemia associated with sulfonylurea use: case study and review of literature. Diabetes Care 1990; 13: 904–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Cartron G, Jonville-Bera AP, Autret-Leca E, et al. Glimepiride-induced thrombocytopenic purpura [letter]. Ann Pharmacother 2000; 34: 120

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Alberti KG. Gliclazide: review of metabolic and vascular action. Diabetes Metab 1994; 20 (3 Pt 2): 341–8

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Ozaki Y, Yatomi Y, Kume S. Effects of oral hypoglycemic agents on platelet functions. Biochem Pharmacol 1992; 44: 687–91

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Mizuno A, Yano M, Isobre J, et al. Inhibitory action of gliclazide on platelet functions. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1989; 7: 141–7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Lightman JM, Townsend JC, Selvin GJ. Ocular effects of second generation oral hypoglycemic agents. J Am Optom Assoc 1989; 60: 849–53

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Weissman PN, Shenkman L, Gregerman RI. Chlorpropamide hyponatremia: drug-induced inappropriate antidiuretic hormone activity. N Engl J Med 1971; 284: 65–71

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Moses AM, Numann P, Miller M. Mechanism of chlorpropamide-induced antidiuresis in man: evidence for release of ADH and enhancement of peripheral action. Metabolism 1973; 22: 59–66

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Moses AM, Howanitz J, Miller M. Diuretic action of three sulfonylurea drugs. Ann Intern Med 1973; 78: 541–4

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was supported in part by an unrestricted grant from Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Caro Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Maribel Salas & Jaime J. Caro

  2. Division of General Internal Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

    Jaime J. Caro

Authors
  1. Maribel Salas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jaime J. Caro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maribel Salas.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Salas, M., Caro, J.J. Are Hypoglycaemia and Other Adverse Effects Similar Among Sulphonylureas?. Adv Drug React Toxicol Rev 21, 205–217 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03256197

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03256197

Keywords

Search

Navigation