Abstract
The color of light (white, red, blue, and green) had a significant effect on the growth and reproductive processes (both in the nucleocytoplasmic and chloroplast compartment of the cells) in synchronous cultures ofScenedesmus obliquus. This effect decreased in the order red > white > blue > green. In the same order, the light phase of the cell cycle (time when first autospores started to be released) was prolonged. The length of dark phase (time when 100% of daughters were allowed to release from mothers) was not influenced and was the same for all colors. Critical cell size for cell division in green light was shifted to a smaller size (compared with cells grown in other lights) and so was the size of released daughters. The nuclear cycle was slowed in blue and even in green light, contrary to cells grown in red and white light. At the beginning of the cell cycle, one-nucleus daughters possess ∼ 10 nucleoids; during the cell cycle their number doubled in all variants before the division of nuclei. Both events were delayed in cultures grown more slowly — most markedly in green light. Smaller daughters in the green variant possessed a lower number of nucleoids. Motile cells released in continuous green or blue lights but not in red one were rarely observed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CDK(s):
-
cyclin-dependent kinase(s)
- DAPI:
-
4,6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole
References
Alrawass B., Grolig F., Wagner G.: High irradiance blue light affects cortical microtubules in the green algaMougeotia scalaris.Plant Cell Physiol.38, 882–886 (1997).
Beck C.F., Haring M.A.: Gametic differentiation ofChlamydomonas.Internat.Rev.Cytol.168, 259–301 (1996).
Cain J.R., Trainor F.R.: Regulation of gametogenesis inScenedesmus obliquus (Chlorophyceae).J.Phycol.12, 383–390 (1976).
Carroll J.W., Thomas J., Dunaway C., O’Kelley J.C.: Light-induced synchronization of algal species — the effect of color lights.Photochem.Photobiol.12, 91–98 (1970).
Cepák V., Zobačová M., Zachleder V.: The effect of cadmium ions on the cell cycle of the green flagellateChlamydomonas noctigama. Arch.Hydrobiol. (Suppl. 144),Algolog.Stud.106, 117–129 (2002).
Correa-Reyes J.G., Sanchez-Saavedra M.D., Siqueiros-Beltrones D.A., Flores-Acevedo N.: Isolation and growth of eight strains of benthic diatoms, cultured under two light conditions.J.Shellfish Res.20, 603–610 (2001).
Corzo A., Niell F.X.: Blue-light induction ofin situ nitrate reductase activity in the marine green algaUlva rigida.Austral.J.Plant Physiol.19, 625–635 (1992).
Epel N.L., Krauss R.V.: The inhibitory effect of light on growth ofPrototheca zopfiKreuger.Biochim.Biophys.Acta120, 73–83 (1966).
Figueroa F.L., Aguilera J., Jimenez C., Vergara J.J., Robles M.D., Niell F.X.: Growth, pigment synthesis and nitrogen assimilation in the red algaPorphyra sp. (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) under blue and red light.Sci.Mar.59, 9–20 (1995a).
Figueroa F.L., Aguilera J., Niell F.X.: Red- and blue-light regulation of growth and photosynthetic metabolism inPorphyra umbilicalis (Bangiales, Rhodophyta).Eur.J.Phycol.30, 11–18 (1995b).
Furukawa T., Watanabe M., Shihira-Ishikawa I.: Green- and blue-light-mediated chloroplast migration in the centric diatomPleurosira laevis.Protoplasma203, 214–220 (1998).
Gabrys H.: Chloroplast movement inMougeotia induced by blue light pulses.Planta166, 134–140 (1985).
Kataoka H.: Phototropism inVaucheria geminata. II. The mechanism of bending and branching.Plant Cell Physiol.16, 439–448 (1975).
Klein R.M.: Effects of green light on biological systems.Biol.Rev.67, 199–284 (1992).
Kubin S., Borns E., Doucha J., Seiss U.: Light absorption and production rate ofChlorella vulgaris in light of different spectral composition.Biochem.Physiol.Pfl.178, 193–205 (1983).
Kuroiwa T., Suzuki T.: An improved method for the demonstration of thein situ chloroplast nuclei in higher plants.Cell Struct Funct.5, 195–197 (1980).
Kuroiwa T., Suzuki T., Ogawa K., Kawano S.: The chloroplast nucleus: distribution, number, size and shape, and a model for the multiplication of the chloroplast genome during chloroplast development.Plant Cell Physiol.22, 381–396 (1981).
Mineyuki Y., Kataoka H., Masuda Y., Nagai R.: Dynamic changes in the actin cytoskeleton during the high-fluence rate response of theMougeotia chloroplast.Protoplasma185, 222–229 (1995).
Mouget J.L., Rosa P., Tremblin G.: Acclimation ofHaslea ostrearia to light of different spectral qualities — confirmation of chromatic adaptation in diatoms.J.Photochem.Photobiol.75, 1–11 (2004).
Nigg E.A.: Cyclin-dependent protein kinases: key regulators of the eukaryotic cell cycle.BioEssays17, 471–480 (1995).
Nossag J., Kasprik W.: The movement ofMicrasterias thomasiana (Desmidiaceae, Zygnematophyceae) in directed blue light.Phycologia32, 332–337 (1993).
Nultsch W., Hader D.P.: Photomovement in motile microorganisms — 2.J.Photochem.Photobiol.47, 837–869 (1988).
Oldenhof H., Bišová K., Van Den Ende H., Zachleder V.: Effect of red and blue light on the timing of cyclin-dependent kinase activity and the timing of cell division inChlamydomonas reinhardtii.Plant Physiol.Biochem.42, 341–348 (2004a).
Oldenhof H., Zachleder V., Van Den Ende H.: Blue light delays commitment to cell division inChlamydomonas reinhardtii.Plant Biol.6, 689–695 (2004b).
Pearson G.A., Serrao E.A., Dring M., Schmid R.: Blue-and green-light signals for gamete release in the brown algaSilvetia compressa.Oecologia138, 193–201 (2004).
Sagert S., Schubert H.: Acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus ofPalmaria palmata (Rhodophyta) to light qualities that preferentially excite Photosystem-I or Photosystem-II.J.Phycol.31, 547–554 (1995).
Sanchez-Saavedra M.P., Voltolina D.: Effect of photon fluence rates of white and blue-green light on growth efficiency and pigment content of three diatom species in batch cultures.Ciencias Marinas28, 273–279 (2002).
Schuchart H.: Photomovement of the red algaPorphyridium cruentum (Ag)Naegeli. 3. Action spectrum of the photophobic response.Arch.Microbiol.128, 105–112 (1980).
Stals H., Casteels P., Van Montagu M., Inze D.: Regulation of cyclin-dependent kinases inArabidopsis thaliana.Plant Mol.Biol.43, 583–593 (2000).
Steinbrenner J., Linden H.: Light induction of carotenoid biosynthesis genes in the green algaHaematococcus pluvialis: regulation by photosynthetic redox control.Plant Mol.Biol.52, 343–356 (2003).
Trainor F.R., Burg C.:Scenedesmus obliquus sexuality.Science148, 1094–1095 (1965).
Umeda M., Umeda-Hara C., Yamaguchi M., Hashimoto J., Uchimiya H.: Differential expression of genes for cyclin-dependent protein kinases in rice plants.Plant Physiol.119, 31–40 (1999).
Weissig H., Beck C.F.: Action spectrum for the light-dependent step in gametic differentiation ofChlamydomonas reinhardtii.Plant Physiol.97, 118–121 (1991).
Wenderoth K., Rhiel E.: Influence of light quality and gassing on the vertical migration of diatoms inhabiting the Wadden Sea.Helgoland Mar.Res.58, 211–215 (2004).
Zachleder V., Šetlík I.: Effect of irradiance on the course of RNA synthesis in the cell cycle ofScenedesmus quadricauda.Biol. Plant.24, 341–353 (1982).
Zachleder V., Kuptsová E.S., Los D.A., Cepák V., Kubin S., Shapiguzov J.M., Semenenko V.E.: Division of chloroplast nucleoids and replication of chloroplast DNA during the cell cycle ofDunaliella salina grown under blue and red light.Protoplasma150, 160–167 (1989).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The paper was supported by grants provided byGrant Agency of the Czech Republic no. 204/03/1113,Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic no. IM 679 859 3901 and institutional research plan no. AV 0Z 6005 0516.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cepák, V., Přibyl, P. & Vítová, M. The effect of light color on the nucleocytoplasmic and chloroplast cycle of the green chlorococcal algaScenedesmus obliquus . Folia Microbiol 51, 342–348 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02931828
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02931828