Abstract
In this paper, conceptual and methodological issues within three phases of CBM interventions in academic skills are analyzed: Acquisition, evaluation, and generalization. The goal of such analysis is threefold: (1) To enhance understanding of observed problems, (2) clarify specific conceptual issues, and (3) highlight areas that need more conceptual clarification and more research.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adams, A., Carnine, D., & Gersten, R. (1982). Instructional strategies for studying content area texts in the intermediate grades.Reading Research Quarterly, 28, 27–55.
Anderson, T. H. (1982, May), personal communication.
Andre, M. E. D. A., & Anderson, T. H. (1978–1979). The development and evaluation of a self questioning study technique.Reading Research Quarterly, 14, 605–623.
Bateman, B. D. (1971).The Essentials of Teaching. San Rafael, California: Dimensions Publishing Company.
Belmont, J. M., Butterfield, E. C., & Borkowski, J. G. (1978). Training retarded people to generalize memorization methods across memory tasks. In M. M. Gruneberg, P. E. Morris, & R. N. Sykes (Eds.),Practical aspects of memory (pp. 418–425). London: Academic Press.
Borkowski, J. G., & Cavanaugh, J. C. (1979). Maintenance and generalization of skills and strtegies by the retarded. In N. R. Ellis (Ed.),Handbook of mental deficiency: Psycholgical theory and research (pp. 569–617). Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Bransford, J. D. (1979).Human cognition: Learning, understanding and remembering. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Co.
Brown, A. L. (1980). Metacognitive development and reading. In R. J. Spiro, B. B. Bruce & W. F. Brewer (Eds.),Theroetical issues in reading comprehension (pp. 453–481). New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Brown, A. L., Bransford, J. D., Ferrara, R. A., & Campione, J. C. (1983). learning, remembering, and understanding. In J. Flavell & E. M. Markman (Eds.),Carmichael's manual of child psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 77–166). New York: Wiley.
Brown, A. L., & Campione, J. C. (in press). Three faces of transfer: Implications for early competence, individual differences, and instruction. To appear in M. Lamb, A. L. Brown, & B. Rogoff (Eds.),Advances in developmental psychology (Vol. 3). Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.
Brown, A. L., Campione, J., & Barclay, C. R. (1979). Training self-checking routines for estimating test readiness: Generalization from list learning to prose recall.Child Development, 50, 501–512.
Brown, A. L., & Palincsar, A. S. (1982). Inducing strategic learning from texts by means of informed, self-control training.Topics in Learning & Learning Disabilities, 2, 1–17.
Campione, J. C., & Armbuster, B. B. (in press). An analysis of the outcomes and implications of intervention research. To appear in H. Mandl, N. Stein, & T. Trabasso (Eds.),Learning and comprehension of texts. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.
Campione, J. C., & Brown, A. L. (1977). Memory and metamemory development in educable retarded children. In R. V. Kail, Jr. & J. W. Hagen (Eds.),Perspectives on the development of memory and cognition (pp. 367–406). Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.
Cavanaugh, J. C., & Borkowski, J. G. (1979). The metamemory-memory “connection”: Effects of strategy training and maintenance.Journal of General Psychology, 101, 161–174.
Cavanagh, J. C., & Perlmutter, M. (1982). Metamemory: A critical examination.Child Development, 53, 11–28.
Craighead, W. E., Meyers, A. W., Wilcoxon-Craighead, L., & McHale, S. M. (1982). Issues in cognitive-behavior therapy with children. In M. Rosenbaum, C. M. Franks, & Y. Jaffe (Eds.),Perspectives on behavior therapy in the eighties (pp. 234–261). New York: Springer Publishing.
Crisafi, M. A., & Brown, A. L. (1983, April). Flexible use of an inferential reasoning rule by very young children. Paper presented at the Society for Research in Child Development meetings, Detroit.
Deshler, D. D., Alley, G. R., Warner, M. M., & Schumaker, J. B. (1981). Instructional practices for promoting skill acquisition and generalization in severely learning-disabled adolescents.Learning Disability Quarterly, 4, 415–421.
Gick, M. L., & Holyoak, K. J. (1983). Schema induction and analogical transfer.Cognitive Psychology, 15, 1–38.
Graham, S. (1983). The effect of self-instructional procedures on LD students' handwriting performance.Learning Disability Quarterly, 6, 231–234.
Harris, K. R. (in press). The effects of cognitive training on private speech and task performance during problem solving among lerning-disabled and normally achieving children.Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology.
Harris, K. R., & Graham, S. (in press). Improving learning-disbled students' composition skills: A self-control strategy training approach.Learning Disability Quarterly.
Johnson, M. B. (1983).Self-instruction and children's math problem-solving: A study of training, maintenance, and generalization. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Notre Dame. Dissertation Abstracts.
Keog, B. K., & Glover, A. T. (1980). The generality and durability of cognitive training effects.Exceptional Education quarterly, 1, 75–82.
Keogh, B. K., & Hall, R. J. (1984). Cognitive training with learning disabled pupils. In A. W. Meyers & W. E. Craighead (Eds.),Cognitive behavior therapy with children (pp. 163–192). New York: Plenum Press.
Kosiewicz, M. M., Hallahan, D. P., Lloyd, J. W., & Graves, A. W. (1982). Effects of self instruction and self-correction procedures on handwriting performance.Learning Disability Quarterly, 5, 71–78.
Leon, J. a., & Pepe, H. J. (1983). Self-instructional training: Cognitive behavior modification for remediating arithmetic deficits.Exceptional Children, 50, 54–60.
Lloyd, J., Saltzman, N., & Kauffman, J. (1981). Predictable generalization in academic learning as a result of preskills and strategy training.Learning Disability Quarterly, 4, 203–216.
Malamuth, Z. N. (1979). Self-management training for children with reading problems: Effects on reading performance and sustained attention.Cognitive Therapy and Research, 3, 279–289.
McKinney, J. D., & Haskins, R. (1980). Cognitive training and the development of problem solving strategies.Exceptional Education Quarterly, 1, 41–51.
Meichenbaum, D. (1980). Cognitive behavior modification with exceptional children: A promise yet unfulfilled.Exceptional Education Quarterly, 1, 83–88.
Meichenbaum, D., & Asarnow, J. (1978). Cognitive-behavioral modification and metacognitive development: Implications for the classroom. In P. Kendall & S. Hollon (Eds.),Cognitive-behavioral interventions: Theory research and procedure (pp. 11–35). New York: Academic Press.
Meichenbaum, D., & Goodman, J. (1971). Training impulsive children to talk to themselves: A means of developing self-control.Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 77, 115–126.
Palincsar, A. S. (1982).Improving the reading comprehension of junior high students through reciprocal teaching of comprehension-monitoring strategies. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois.
Palincsar, A. S. & Brown, A. L. (1981).Training comprehension-monitoring skills in an interactive learning game. Unpublished manuscript, University of Illinois.
Robin, A. L., Armel, S., & O'Leary, D. K. (1975). The effects of self-instruction on writing deficiencies.Behavior therapy, 6, 178–187.
Robinson, F. P.) 1941).Diagnostic and remedial techniques for effective study. New York: Harper and Brothers.
Ryan, E. B., Weed, K. A., & Short, E. J. (in press). Cognitive behavior modification: Promoting active, self-regulatory learning styles. In J. K. Torgesen and B. Y. L. Wong (Eds.),Learning disabilities: Some new perspectives. New York: Academic Press.
Schmidt, J. L. (1983).A component analysis of five generalization conditions on secondary LD students' written language. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Lawrence, KS: The University of Kansas.
Short, E. J., & Ryan, E. B. (in press). Metacognitive differences between skilled and less skilled readers: Remediating deficits through story grammar and attribution training.Journal of Educational Psychology.
Stokes, T. F., & Bear, D. M. (1977). An implicit technology of generalization.Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 10, 349–367.
Wellman, H. M., Collins, J., & Glieberman, J. (1981). Understanding the combination of memory variables: Developing conceptions of memory limitations.Child Development, 52, 1313–1317.
Wong, B. Y. L., & Jones, W. (1982). Increasing metacomprehension in learning-disabled and normally-achieving students through self-questioning training.Learning Disability Quarterly, 5, 228–240.
Zajonc, R. B. (1980). Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences.American Psychologist, 35, 151–175.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
I thank the following for their constructive criticisms on an earlier draft of this paper: John Walsh, Nancy Hutchinson, Don Meichenbaum, Barbara Keogh, Karen Harris, and Ron Marx. I also thank Mrs. Eileen Mallory for typing this manuscript.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wong, B.Y.L. Issues in cognitive-behavioral interventions in academic skill areas 1. J Abnorm Child Psychol 13, 425–441 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00912726
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00912726