Summary
Five strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were isolated from five Japanese hemophilia patients. Two isolates, HIV1[GUN-1] and HIV-1[GUN-2], were from brother patients with hemophilia B and the other three isolates, HIV-I[GUN-3], HIV-1[GUN-4], and HIV1[GUN-5], were from hemophilia A patients. Another HIV-1 strain, HIV-1[GUN-6], was isolated from a Canadian male homosexual with AIDS. The restriction endonuclease cleavage maps of the proviral genomes of these six HIV-1 strains revealed that they were apparently different from each other. The phylogenetic trees constructed using restriction maps and nucleotide sequences were quite similar, indicating that phylogenetic analyses of Japanese HIV-1 isolates can be done using restriction maps of the proviruses. Phylogenetic analyses showed that they were more closely related to HIV-1s which had been reported to be isolated from homosexual patients in the United States than those isolated from African patients. In particular, GUN-1 and GUN-2 isolates were on the branch of a San Francisco isolate, ARV2, while GUN-5 and GUN-6 isolates were on the branch of HTLV-IIIB-related isolates.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alizon M, Wain-Hobson S, Montagnier L, Sonigo P (1986) Genetic variability of the AIDS virus: nucleotide sequence analysis of two isolates from African patients. Cell 46:63–74
Barré-Sinoussi F, Chermann JC, Rey F, Nugeyre MT, Chamaret S, Gruest J, Dauguet C, Axler-Blin C, Vezinet-Brun F, Rouzioux C, Rozenbaum W, Montagnier L. (1983) Isolation of T-lymphotropic virus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Science 220:868–871
Chakrabarti I, Guyader M, Alizon M, Daniel MD, Desroslers RC, Tiollais P, Sonigo P (1987) Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus from macaque and its relationship to other human and simian retroviruses. Nature 328:543–547
Cheng-Mayer C, Rutka JT, Rozenbaum ML, McHugh T, Stites DP, Levy JA (1987) Human immunodeficiency virus can productively infect cultured human glial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:3526–3530
Cheng-Mayer C, Seto D, Tateno M, Levy JA (1988) Biologic features of HIV-1 that correlate with virulence in the host. Science 240:80–82
Clavel E, Guetard D, Brun-Vezinet F, Chamaret S, Rey MA, Santos-Ferreira MO, Laurent AG, Dauguet C, Katlama C, Rouzioux C (1986) Isolation of a new human retrovirus: nucleotide sequence analysis of two isolates from African patients. Science 233:343–346
Fauci AS (1985) Immunologic abnormalities in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Clin Res 32:491–499
Fisher AG, Ensoli B, Looney D, Rose A, Gallo RC, Saag MS, Shaw GM, Hahn BH, Wong-Staal F (1988) Biologically diverse molecular variants within a single HIV-isolate. Nature 334:444–447
Fukasawa M, Miura T, Hasegawa A, Morikawa S, Tsujimoto H, Miki K, Kitamura T, Hayami M (1988) Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkey. A new member of the HIV/SIV group. Nature 333:457–461
Gojobori T, Moriyama E, Ina Y, Ikeo K, Miura T, Tsujimoto H, Hayashi M, Yokoyama S (in press) Evolutionary origin of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
Gojobori T, Moriyama EN, Yokoyama S (1987) Molecular evolution of oncogenes. Jpn J Genet 62:163–177
Gojobori T, Yokoyama S (1985) Rates of evolution of the retroviral oncogene of Moloney murine sarcoma virus and of its cellular homologues. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:4198–4201
Ho DD, Kaplan JC, Rackauskas IE, Gurney ME (1988) Second conserved domain of gp120 is important for HIV infectivity and antibody neutralization. Science 239:1021–1023
Ho DD, Pomerantz R, Kaplan JC (1987) Pathogenesis of infection with human immunodeficiency virus. N Engl J Med 317: 278–286
Holland J, Spindler K, Horodyski F, Grabau E, Nichol S, VandePol S (1982) Rapid evolution of RNA genomes. Science 215:1577–1585
Hoshino H, Esumi H, Miwa M, Shimoyama M, Minato K, Tobinai K, Hirose M, Watanabe S, Inada N, Kinoshita K, Kamihira S, Ichimaru M, Sugimura T (1983) Establishment and characterization of 10 cell lines derived from patients with adult T-cell leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:6061–6065
Kanki PJ, Alroy J, Essex M (1985) Isolation of T-lymphotropic retrovirus related to HTLV-III/LAV from wild-caught African green monkeys. Science 230:951–954
Koff CK, Hoth DF (1988) Development and testing of AIDS vaccines. Science 241:426–432
Koyanagi Y, Kobayashi S, Harada S, Kikukawa R, Yamamoto N (1984) Detection of antibodies to human T-lymphotropic viruses type I and III in Japanese hemophiliacs. AIDS Res 1:353–358
Matthews TJ, Bolognesi DP (1988) AIDS vaccine. Sci Am 259: 98–105
Miyoshi I, Taguchi H, Kubonishi I, Yashimoto T, Ohtsuka Y, Shiraishi Y, Akagi T (1982) Type C virus-producing cell lines derived from adult T-cell leukemia. Jpn J Cancer Res (Gann) 28:219–228
Muesing MA, Smith DH, Cabradilla CD, Benton CV, Lasky LA, Capon DJ (1985) Nucleic acid structure and expression of the human AIDS/lymphadenopathy retrovirus. Nature 313:450–458
Myers G, Rabson AB, Josephs SF, Smith TF, Wong-Staal F (1988) Human retroviruses and AIDS. New Mexico Los Alamos National Laboratories
Nei M (1975) Molecular population genetics and evolution. North-Holland Press, Amsterdam
Nei M (1987) Molecular evolutionary genetics. Columbia University Press, New York
Newmark P (1987) Variation of AIDS virus relatives [news]. Nature 326:548
Payne SL, Salinovich O, Nauma SM, Issel CJ, Montelaro RC (1987) Course and extent of variation of equine infectious anemia virus during parallel persistent infectious. J Virol 61: 1266
Pedersen C, Nielsen CM, Vestergaard BF, Gerstoft J, Krogsgaard K, Nielsen JO (1987) Temporal relation of antigenaemia and loss of antibodies to core antigens to development of clinical disease in HIV infection. Br Med J 295:567–572
Piot P, Plummer FA, Mhalu FS, Lamboray JL, Chin J, Mann JM (1988) AIDS: An international perspective. Science 239:573–579
Popovic M, Sarngadharan MG, Read, Gallo RC (1984) Detection, isolation and continuous production of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and pre-AIDS. Science 224:497–500
Ratner L, Haseltine W, Patarca R, Livak KJ, Starcich B, Josephs SF, Doran ER, Rafalski JA, Whitehorn EA, Baumeister K (1985a) Complete nucleotide sequence of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III. Nature 313:277–284
Ratner L, Starcich B, Josephs SF, Hahn BH, Reddy EP, Livak KJ, Petteway SR Jr, Pearson ML, Haseltine WA, Arya SK (1985b) Polymorphism of the 3′ open reading frame of the virus associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, human T-lymphotropic virus type III. Nucleic Acids Res 13:8219–8229
Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425
Sanchez-Pescador R, Power MD, Barr PJ, Steimer KS, Stempien MM, Brown-Shimer SL, Gee WW, Renard A, Randolph A, Levy JA, Dina D, Luciw PA (1985) Nucleotide sequence and expression of an AIDS-associated retrovirus (ARV-2). Science 227:484–492
Sarngadharan MG, Popovic M, Bruch L, Schupbach J, Gallo RC (1984) Antibodies reactive with human T-lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLV-III) in the serum of patients with AIDS. Science 224:506–508
Sharp PM, Li W-H (1988) Understanding the origins of AIDS viruses. Nature 336:315
Takeuchi Y, Inagaki M, Kobayashi N, Hoshino H (1987) Isolation of human immunodeficiency virus from a Japanese hemophilia B patient with AIDS. Jpn J Cancer Res 78:11–15
Takeuchi Y, Nagumo T, Hoshino H (1988) Low fidelity of cell-free DNA synthesis by reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus. J Virol 62:3900–3902
Takeuchi Y, Akutsu M, Murayama K, Shimizu M, Hoshino H (1991) Host-range mutant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: Modification of cell tropism by a single point mutation at the neutralization epitope in the env gene. J Virol 65:1710–1718
Wain-Hobson S, Sonigo P, Danos P, Cole S, Alizon M (1985) Nucleotide sequence of the AIDS virus, LAV. Cell 40:9–17
Wong-Staal F, Gallo RC (1985) Human T-lymphotropic retroviruses. Nature 317:395–403
Yokoyama S, Gojobori T (1987) Molecular evolution and phylogeny of the human AIDS viruses LAV, HTLV-III and ARV. J Mol Evol 24:330–336
Yokoyama S, Moriyama EN, Gojobori T (1987) Phylogeny and molecular evolution of the human AIDS viruses LAV, HTLV-III, and ARV. Proc Jpn Acad 63:147–150
Yoshiyama H, Harada S, Kajii T, Yamamoto N (1986a) Narrow host range of AIDS related retroviruses (YU-1, 2, 3, 4) isolated from Japanese hemophiliacs: inability to infect H9, Molt-4, and MT-4 cells. Jpn J Cancer Res(Gann) 77:514–516
Yoshiyama H, Koyanagi Y, Nakashima H, Ishihara T, Uchino F, Harada S, Okino F, Kajii T, Yamamoto N (1986b) Detection and isolation of an acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related virus (HTLV-III/LAV) from a Japanese boy with AIDS-related complex. Jpn J Cancer Res (Gann) 77:16–20
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Offprint requests to: H. Hoshino
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shimizu, N., Takeuchi, Y., Naruse, T. et al. Six strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolated in Japan and their molecular phylogeny. J Mol Evol 35, 329–336 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00161170
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00161170