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Fluorine-based surface decorated cellulose nanocrystals as potential hydrophobic and oleophobic materials

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Abstract

The objective of this research is to provide the first account of a simple preparation of surface fluorinated bulk cellulose nanocrystals and a characterization of their physical and chemical properties. The surface fluorinated, or polyfluorinated cellulose nanocrystals were first generated by reacting bulk cellulose with hydrochloric acid in an aqueous medium to yield cellulose nanocrystals that were subsequently purified and reacted with pentafluorobenzoyl chloride in presence of pyridine. The degree of substitution (out of a possible 3.0 hydroxyl groups/anhydroglucopyranose residue) of the polyfluorinated cellulose nanocrystals was 0.77. It was found that the dispersion of cellulose nanocrystals within an organic solvent was significantly improved following surface fluorination. Dynamic contact angle, FT-IR, NMR, TGA, DSC, XRD and XPS were used to confirm the fluorinated character of the reactant products. The polyfluorinated cellulose nanocrystals obtained and characterized demonstrated excellent hydrophobic and oleophobic properties to establish themselves as viable candidates in the consideration of a non-traditional and highly attractive conceptual paradigm for their inclusion as a nanofiller in a variety of low surface energy applications.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge partial support from the United Soybean Board (Smith, Bucklin & Associates, LLC) that allowed significant portions of this work to be completed. Lastly, LAL thanks Qilu University of Technology for the sabbatical that allowed parts of this work to be completed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forest Biomaterials (Wood & Paper Science), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8005, USA

    Abdus Salam, Lucian A. Lucia & Hasan Jameel

  2. Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250353, People’s Republic of China

    Abdus Salam & Lucian A. Lucia

  3. Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8204, USA

    Abdus Salam & Lucian A. Lucia

Authors
  1. Abdus Salam
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  2. Lucian A. Lucia
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  3. Hasan Jameel
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Correspondence to Lucian A. Lucia.

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Salam, A., Lucia, L.A. & Jameel, H. Fluorine-based surface decorated cellulose nanocrystals as potential hydrophobic and oleophobic materials. Cellulose 22, 397–406 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0507-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0507-9

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