Abstract
We previously reported that exposure of human mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) could restore the defective proliferative capability of PBL from aged subjects. The effects of exposure to PEMFs were studied in PBL from 25 patients with Down’s syndrome (DS), a syndrome of premature aging characterized by precocious immune system derangement, including age-related defective PBL proliferative capability. PBL were stimulated with different doses of phytohemagglutinin, and cell proliferation was assessed by measuring the incorporation of tritiated thymidine. After PEMF-exposure, a significant increase in cell proliferation was observed in cells from DS children and young adults, but it was much more evident in PBL from relatively aged DS patients. The age-related effect of PEMFs on DS lymphocytes demonstrates that age must be considered a major variable when studies on DS are performed, and confirms that DS must be regarded as a syndrome of accelerated aging. (Aging 3: 241–246, 1991)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bassett C.A.L., Pawluk R.J., Pilla A.A.: Augmentation of bone repair by inductively coupled electromagnetic fields. Science 184: 575–577, 1974.
Dixey R., Rein G.: 3H-Noradrenaline release potentiated in a clonal nerve cell line by low-intensity pulsed electromagnetic fields. Nature 296: 253–256, 1982.
Luben R.A., Cain C.D., Chi-Yun Chen M., Rosen D.M., Adey W.R.: Effects of electromagnetic stimuli on bone and bone cells in vitro: inhibition of responses to parathyroid hormone by low-energy low-frequency fields. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79: 4180–4184, 1982.
McLeod K., Lee R., Ehrlich P.: Frequency dependence of electric field modulation of fibroblast protein synthesis. Science 236: 1465–1469, 1987.
Rodan G.A., Bourret L.A., Norton L.A.: DNA synthesis in cartilage cells stimulated by oscillating electric fields. Science 199: 690–692, 1978.
Goodman R., Bassett C.A.L., Henderson A.S.: Pulsing electromagnetic fields induce cellular transcription. Science 220: 1283–1285, 1983.
Akamine T., Muramaysu H., Hamado H., Sakou T.: Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on growth and differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 124: 247–254, 1985.
Liboff A.R., Williams J., Strong D.M., Wistar R.: Time-varying magnetic fields: effects on DNA synthesis. Science 223: 818–820, 1984.
Takahashi K., Kaneko I., Date M., Fukada E.: Effects of pulsing electromagnetic fields on DNA synthesis in mammalian cells in culture. Experientia 42: 185–186, 1986.
Yen-Patton G.P.A., Patton W.F., Beer D.M., Jacobson B.S.: Endothelial cell response to pulsed electromagnetic fields: stimulation of growth rate and angiogenesis in vitro. J. Cell. Physiol. 134: 37–46, 1988.
Cossarizza A., Monti D., Bersani F., Cantini M., Cadossi R., Sacchi A., Franceschi C.: Extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields increase cell proliferation in lymphocytes from young and aged subjects. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 160: 692–698, 1989.
Cossarizza A., Monti D., Cantini M., Paganelli R., Montagnani G., Cadosssi R., Bersani F., Franceschi C.: Extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields increase interleukin-2 (IL-2) utilization and IL-2 receptor expression in lymphocytes from old subjects. FEBS Lett. 248: 141–144, 1989.
Martin G.M.: Genetic syndromes in man with potential relevance to the pathobiology of aging. In: Bergsma D., Harrison D.E. (Eds.), Genetic effects on Aging. Alan R.Liss Inc. for the National Foundation — March of Dimes, Birth Defects, Vol. XIV, New York, 1978, pp. 5-39.
Epstein C.J.: Trisomy 21 and the nervous system: from cause to cure. In: Epstein C.J. (Ed.), Neurobiology of Down Syndrome. Raven Press, New York, 1986, pp. 1–15.
Cossarizza A., Monti D., Montagnani G., Ortolani C., Masi M., Zanotti M., Franceschi C.: Precocious aging of the immune system in Down syndrome: alterations of B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocyte subsets and of cells with NK markers. Am. J. Med. Genet. 7 (Suppl.): 213–218, 1990.
Franceschi C., Licastro F., Chiricolo M., Zannotti M. Masi M.: Premature senility in Down’s syndrome: a model for an approach to the molecular genetics of the ageing process. In: Facchini A., Haaijman J.J., Labò G. (Eds.), Immunoregulation in Aging. Topics in Aging Research in Europe, Vol. 9. Eurage Publ., Rijswijk, The Netherlands, 1986, pp. 77–83.
Chiricolo M., Minelli L., Licastro F., Tabacchi P., Zannotti M., Franceschi C.: Alteration of the capping phenomenon on lymphocytes from aged and Down’s syndrome subjects. Gerontology 30: 145–152, 1984.
Fabris N., Mocchegiani E., Amadio L., Zannotti M., Licastro F., Franceschi C.: Thymic hormone deficiency in normal ageing and in Down’s syndrome: is there a primary failure of the thymus? Lancet I: 983–986, 1984.
Franceschi C., Licastro F., Chiricolo M., Bonetti F., Zannotti M., Fabris N., Mocchegiani E., Fantini M.P., Paolucci P., Masi M.: Deficiency of autologous mixed lymphocyte reactions and serum thymic factor level in Down’s syndrome. J. Immunol. 126: 2161–2164, 1981.
Licastro F., Chiricolo M., Tabacchi P., Barboni F., Zanotti M., Franceschi C.: Enhancing effect of Lithium and Potassium ions on lectin-induced lymphocyte proliferation in aging and Down’s syndrome subjects. Cell. Immunol. 75: 111–121, 1983.
Franceschi C., Licastro F., Chiricolo M., Zannotti M., Fabris N., Moccheggiani E., Tabacchi P., Barboni F., Masi M.: Selective deficiency of T lymphocyte subset(s) in aged and in Down’s syndrome subjects. In: Fabris N. (Ed.), Immunology and Ageing. Developments in Hematology and Immunology, Vol. 3. M. Nijhoff Publ., The Hague, 1982, pp. 195–199.
A. Böyum: Isolation of mononuclear cells and granul-ocytes from human blood. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 21 (Suppl. 97): 77–89, 1968.
Cantini M., Cossarizza A., Bersani F., Cadossi R., Ceccherelli G., Tenconi R., Gatti C., Franceschi C.: Enhancing effect of low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields on lectin-induced lymphocyte proliferation. J. Bioelectricity 5: 91–104, 1986.
Cossarizza A., Monti D., Cantini M., Bersani F., Paganelli R., Cadossi R., Ceccherelli G., Montagnani G., Arrigoni-Martelli E., Franceschi C.: Is there a proliferative defect in lymphocytes from old people? In: Steinhagen-Thiessen E., Knook D.L. (Eds.), Trends in Biomedical Gerontology, Vol. 1. TNO Institute for Experimental Gerontology Publ., Rijswijk, The Netherlands, 1988, pp. 169–171.
McLeod B.R., Pilla A.A., Sampsei M.W.: Electromagnetic fields induced by Helmholtz coils inside saline-filled boundaries. Bioelectromagnetics 4: 357–370, 1983.
Cossarizza A., Monti D., Bersani F., Sola P., Franceschi C.: DNA repair after gamma radiations in lymphocytes exposed to low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields. Radiat. Res. 118: 161–168, 1989.
Cossarizza A., Borghi V., Bersani F., Cantini M., De Rienzo B., Montagnani G., Mussini D., Zucchini P., Troiano L., Tropea F., Grassilli E., Monti-Biasi D., Franceschi C.: Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the proliferation of lymphocytes from AIDS patients, HIV-seropositive subjects and seronegative drug users. J. Bioelecricity 8: 227–237, 1989.
Cossarizza A., Ortolani C., Forti E., Montagnani G., Paganelli R., Zanotti M., Marini M., Monti D., Franceschi C.: Age-related expansion of functionally inefficient cells with markers of natural killer activity in Down’s syndrome. Blood 77: 1263–1270, 1991.
Franceschi C., Licastro F., Paolucci P., Masi M., Cavicchi S., Zannotti M.: T and B lymphocyte sub-populations in Down’s syndrome. Study on not institutionalized subjects. J. Ment. Defic. Res. 22: 179–191, 1978.
Scarfi M.R., Cossarizza A., Monti D., Bersani F., Zannotti M., Lioi M.B., Franceschi C.: Age-related increase of mitomycin-C-induced micronuclei in lymphocytes from Down’s syndrome subjects. Mutat. Res. 237: 217–222, 1990.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cossarizza, A., Monti, D., Bersani, F. et al. Exposure to low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields increases mitogen- induced lymphocyte proliferation in Down’s syndrome. Aging Clin Exp Res 3, 241–246 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03324014
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03324014