Skip to main content
Log in

Short- and long-term analytical solutions for composite beams with partial interaction and shear-lag effects

  • Published:
International Journal of Steel Structures Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper presents an analytical model for the short- and long-term analysis of composite steel-concrete beams with partial shear interaction and accounting for shear-lag effects. The material properties of the concrete have been assumed to be time-dependent and have been modelled by means of the algebraic methods while the remaining materials forming the cross-section have been supposed to behave in a linear-elastic manner. The global balance condition of the problem has been obtained by means of the principle of virtual work and, integrating this by parts, the governing system of differential equations and corresponding boundary conditions have been determined. Analytical expressions for both short- and long-term solutions have been derived and, to outline their ease of use, a number of case studies relevant for bridge applications have been proposed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adekola, A. O. (1974). “The dependence of shear-lag on partial interaction in composite beams.”International Journal of Solids and Structures, 10, pp. 389–400.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Amadio, C. and Fragiacomo, M. (1993). “A finite element model for the study of creep and shrinkage effects in composite beams with deformable shear connections.”Costruzioni Metalliche, 4, pp. 213–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ayoub, A. (2005). “A force-based model for composite steel-concrete beams with partial interaction.”Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 61, pp. 387–414.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bažant, Z. P. (1972). “Prediction of concrete creep effects using age-adjusted effective modulus method.”ACI Journal, 69(4), pp. 212–217.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradford, M. A. (2010). “Generic modelling of composite steel-concrete slabs subjected to shrinkage, creep and thermal strains including partial interaction.”Engineering Structures, 32, pp. 1459–1465.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bradford, M. A. and Gilbert, R. I. (1992). “Composite beams with partial interaction under sustained loads.”Journal of Structural Engineering, 118(7), pp. 1871–1882.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CEB (Comit Euro-International du Béton) (1984).CEB Design manual on structural effects of time-dependent behaviour of concrete. Edited by Chiorino, M.A., Napoli, P., Mola, F. and Koprna, M., Georgi Publishing, Saint-Saphorin, Switzerland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi, D. H., Kim, Y. S., and Yoo, H. (2008). “External post-tensioning of composite bridges by a rating equation considering the increment of a tendon force due to live loads.”International Journal of Steel Structures, 8(2), pp. 109–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dall’Asta, A. and Zona, A. (2002). “Non-linear analysis of composite beams by a displacement approach.”Computers & Structures, 80, pp. 2217–2228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dezi, L., Gara, F., Leoni, G., and Tarantino A. M. (2001). “Time dependent analysis of shear-lag effect in composite beams.”Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 127(1), pp. 71–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dezi, L., Leoni, G., and Tarantino, A. M. (1995). “Time-dependent analysis of prestressed composite beams.”Journal of Structural Engineering, 121(4), pp. 621–633.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dezi, L., Leoni, G., and Tarantino, A. M. (1996). “Algebraic methods for creep analysis of continuous composite beams.”Journal of Structural Engineering, 122(4), pp. 423–430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fabbrocino, G., Manfredi, G., and Cosenza, E. (2001). “Ductility of composite beams under negative bending: an equivalence index for reinforcing steel classification.”Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 57, pp. 185–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gara, F. (2000).Shear-lag, connection deformability and creep effects in steel-concrete composite beams. Ph.D. thesis in Structural Mechanics, University of Bologna, Italy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gara, F., Leoni, G., and Dezi, L. (2009). “A beam finite element including shear lag effect for the time-dependent analysis of steel-concrete composite decks.”Engineering Structures, 31, pp. 1888–1902.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gara, F., Ranzi, G., and Leoni, G. (2008). “Analysis of the shear lag effect in composite bridges with complex static schemes by means of a deck finite element.”International Journal of Steel Structures, 8, pp. 249–260.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gara, F., Ranzi, G., and Leoni, G. (2006). “Time analysis of composite beams with partial interaction using available modelling techniques: A comparative study.”Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 62, pp. 917–930.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, R. I. and Ranzi, G. (2011).Time-dependent behaviour of concrete structures. Spon Press, London, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, R. P. and Molestra, I. N. (1991). “Partial shear interaction in composite beams for buildings.”Proc. the Institution of Civil Engineers, Part 2, 91, pp. 679–704.

  • Kim, S. H., Ahn, J. H., Jung, C. Y., and Kim J. H. (2009). “Multi-stepwise thermal prestressing using a cover-plate in steel structures.”Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 65, pp. 1464–1479.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, S. H., Kim J. H., Jung, C. Y., and Ahn, J. H. (2010). “Life-cycle cost analysis of a TPSM applied continuous composite girder bridge.”International Journal of Steel Structures, 10(2), pp. 115–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kroflic, A., Planinc, I., Saje, M., Turk, G., and Cas, B. (2010). “Non-linear analysis of two-layer timber beams considering interlayer slip and uplift.”Engineering Structures, 32, pp. 1617–1630.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kwak, H. G. and Seo, Y. L. (2002). “Time-dependent behaviour of composite beams with flexible connectors.”Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 191, pp. 3751–3772.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Macorini, L., Fragiacomo, M., Amadio, C., and Izzuddin, B. A. (2006). “Long-term analysis of steel-concrete composite beams: FE modelling for effective width evaluation.”Engineering Structures, 28, p. 1110–1121.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newmark, N. M., Siess, C. P., and Viest, I. M. (1951) “Tests and analysis of composite beams with incomplete interaction.”Proc. the Society of Experimental Stress Analysis, 9(1), pp. 75–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nie, J., Cai, C. S., and Wang, T. (2005). “Stiffness and capacity of steel-concrete composite beams with profiled sheeting.”Engineering Structures, 27, pp. 1074–1085.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oven, V. A., Burgess, I. W., Plank, R. J., and Wali, A. A. A. (1997). “An analytical model for the analysis of composite beams with partial interaction.”Computers & Structures, 62. pp. 493–504.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Pi, Y. L., Bradford, M. A., and Uy, B. (2006). “Second Order Nonlinear Inelastic Analysis of Composite Steel-Concrete Members.” I: Theory.Journal of Structural Engineering, 132, pp. 751–761.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Planinc, I., Schnabl, S., Saje, M., Lopatic, J., and Cas, B. (2008). “Numerical and experimental analysis of timber composite beams with interlayer slip.”Engineering Structures, 30, pp. 2959–2969.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ranzi, G. (2008). “Locking problems in the partial interaction analysis of multi-layered composite beams.”Engineering Structures, 30, pp. 2900–2911.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ranzi, G. and Bradford, M. A. (2009). “Analysis of composite beams with partial interaction using the direct stiffness approach accounting for time effects.”International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 78, pp. 564–586.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Ranzi, G., Dall’Asta, A., Ragni, L., and Zona, A. (2010). “A geometric nonlinear model for composite beams with partial interaction.”Engineering Structures, 32, pp. 1384–1396.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ranzi, G. and Zona, A. (2007). “A steel-concrete composite beam model with partial interaction including the shear deformability of the steel component.”Engineering Structures, 29, pp. 3026–3041.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schnabl, S., Planinc, I., Saje, M., Èas, B., and Turk, G. (2006). “An analytical model of layered continuous beams with partial interaction.”Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 22, pp. 263–278.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shim, C. S. and Kim, D. W. (2010). “Structural performance of composite joints using bent studs.”International Journal of Steel Structures, 10(1), pp. 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sousa Jr, J. B. M., Oliveira, C. E. M., and da Silva, A. R. (2010). “Displacement-based nonlinear finite element analysis of composite beam-columns with partial interaction.”Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 66, pp. 772–779.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sun, F. F. and Bursi, O. (2005). “Displacement-based and two-field mixed variational formulation for composite beams with shear lag.”Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 131(2), pp. 199–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tarantino, A. M. and Dezi, L. (1992). “Creep effects in composite beams with flexible shear connectors.”Journal of Structural Engineering, 118, pp. 2063–2081.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trost, H. (1967). “The implications of the principle of superposition for creep and relaxation problems of concrete and prestressed concrete.”Beton- und Stahlbetonbau, 10, pp. 230–238 (In German).

    Google Scholar 

  • Won, J. H., Wu, J. X., Davaadorj, A., Kim, S. H., and Mha, H. S. (2008). “Seismic behaviour analysis of a plate-girder bridge considering abutment-soil interaction.”International Journal of Steel Structures, 8, pp. 285–294.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zona, A., Barbato, M., Dall’Asta, A., and Dezi, L. (2010). “Probabilistic analysis for design assessment of continuous steel-concrete composite girders.”Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 66, pp. 897–905.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gianluca Ranzi.

Additional information

Discussion open until May 1, 2011.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gara, F., Ranzi, G. & Leoni, G. Short- and long-term analytical solutions for composite beams with partial interaction and shear-lag effects. International Journal of Steel Structures 10, 359–372 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03215844

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03215844

Keywords

Navigation