Abstract
This study examines the effects of different disturbance histories, specifically patterns of ditching and drainage on wetland evapotranspiration rates for two sites within the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Indiana, USA. The effect of drainage at the disturbed site is to lower the water table and to reduce the depth and duration of inundation. Evapotranspiration was measured as its energy equivalent, the latent heat flux, within the framework of the surface energy balance using the eddy correlation approach. Results show that when standing water is present at each site, there is very similar flux partitioning; the latent heat flux accounts for approximately 50% of the net radiation (approximately 3.5 mm d−1), storage heat flux 30%, and sensible heat flux 20%. When the disturbed site has no standing water, evapotranspiration rates are maintained at the same level (3.5–3.75 mm d−1), but the storage heat flux drops significantly, and the sensible heat flux is enhanced. Excellent results are obtained with the Penman Monteith evapotranspiration model using a very small surface resistance (5 s m−1) when there is no standing water. Although the absolute magnitudes of the results reported are directly relevant only to similar sites in the Midwest USA in summer, the processes and controls described are representative of wetlands located near large water bodies (like Lake Michigan) subjected to diurnal lake (sea) breezes, with vascular vegetation, and a water table at or very close to the surface.
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South, C., Susan, C., Grimmond, B. et al. Evapotranspiration rates from wetlands with different disturbance histories: Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. Wetlands 18, 216–229 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161657
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161657