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Development and regulation of porcine pancreatic function

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Summary

A surgical and experimental procedure was developed to enable the collection of pure and inactivated pancreatic juice during the growth of the pig. Studies have shown that, during the suckling period, both the basal and the secretory responses to suckling are low, if present at all. After weaning, basal levels of the total exocrine secretion, total protein, amylase, and trypsin, respectively, increase slightly, while the postprandial levels of total protein, amylase, trypsin, lipase, colipase, and carboxylester lipase, respectively, increase markedly. The pancreatic juice enzyme composition changes qualitatively and the antibacterial activity of the pancreatic juice also significantly increases. Piglet age appeared to be of minor importance, since weaning at either 4 or 6 wk of age gave the same results. Secretin and CCK administered together in supraphysiological doses only significantly affect exocrine function from 3–4 wk of age. However, CCK may also affect the exocrine pancreas indirectly via reflexes initiated intraduodenally. Milk consumption in the suckling pig leads to a postprandial increase in glucose levels but not insulin. Milk, appears to be able to regulate the exocrine pancreas to produce only the amount and type of enzymes required for digestion. Thus, milk components or digestive products may affect pancreas function regulation. Studies show that enterostatin, the procolipase activation peptide, may inhibit pancreatic secretion mediated indirectly through the GI tract. Pancreastatin, an endocrine peptide, inhibits both insulin secretion and protein and trypsin secretion to pancreatic juice. In hypoinsulinemic (alloxan + streptozotocin diabetes) pigs (15–20 kg), no postprandial pancreatic juice response is seen, although CCK 33 + secretin can stimulate pancreatic secretion. Hypoinsulinemic pigs have a reduced capacity for glucose tissue utilization, suggesting that tissue metabolism and exocrine pancreas secretion are related.

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Abbreviations

cAMP:

cyclic adenosine 5′-monophosphate

CCK:

cholecystokinin

CEL:

carboxyl ester lipase

GI:

gastrointestinal

GIP:

gastric inhibitory polypeptide

id:

inside diameter

i.d.:

intraduodenal

iv:

intravenous

mU:

milli unit

μU:

micro unit

od:

outside diameter

PP:

pancreatic polypeptide

PYY:

peptide YY

SBTI:

soya bean trypsin inhibitor

VIP:

vasoactive intestinal peptide

VPDPR:

valine-proline-aspartic acid-proline-asparagine=enterostatin

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Physiology, University of Lund, Helgonavägen 3B, S-223 62, Sweden

    Stefan G. Pierzynowski, Björn R. Weström & Börje W. Karlsson

  2. Department of Agricultural Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lund, Sweden

    Jorgen Svendsen & Lorraine Svendsen

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  1. Stefan G. Pierzynowski
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Pierzynowski, S.G., Weström, B.R., Svendsen, J. et al. Development and regulation of porcine pancreatic function. Int J Pancreatol 18, 81–94 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02785881

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