Abstract
In this paper a derivation, based on the Nernst-Planck flux equations extended for non-ideal behavior, is given for the electrical potentials and cationic fluxes occurring across a one-phase ion exchange system separating two aqueous solutions. It is assumed that the activities of the cations in the exchanger are proportional to thenth power of their concentrations, a relationship of broad empirical validity. This paper deals only with the case of the quasi-stationary state in which no net electrical current flows. The profles of the cationic concentrations and of the diffusion potential in the exchanger are found to be, in general, exponential and linear respectively. An equation is derived for the stationary-state potential of an ion exchange phase interposed between two aqueous solutions containing mixtures of two cations. The potential selectivity constant of this equation is found to equal the product of the ion exchange equilibrium constant and thenth power of the mobility ratio.
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Karreman, G., Eisenman, G. Electrical potentials and ionic fluxes in ion exchangers: I. “n type” non-ideal systems with zero current. Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics 24, 413–427 (1962). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02477998
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02477998