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Thyroid function parameters during a selenium repletion/depletion study in phenylketonuric subjects

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Abstract

Phenylketonuric (PKU) subjects have a limited supply of selenium (Se) in their phenylalanine-restricted diet. A Se repletion (1 μg Se/kg/day)/depletion study was conducted in PKU children to determine the effect of Se on thyroid function parameters.

The initial plasma Se concentration (mean±SD: 0.26±0.12 μmol/L, p<0.00003, n=10) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (140±58 U/L, p<0.00003, n=10) were significantly lower compared to agematched controls. After 14 weeks of supplementation, the plasma Se concentration (mean ±SD: 0.74±0.20 μmol/L) normalized (normal range: 0.57–1.15 μmol/L, mean ±SD: 0.76±0.13 μmol/L, n=32) and remained stable thereafter during repletion. Plasma GSH-Px activity reached normal values after 18 weeks of supplementation (312±57 U/L; normal range: 238–492 U/L, mean ±SD: 345±54 U/L, n=32) and increased significantly for up to eight weeks thereafter (332±52 U/L). Individual and mean thyroid parameters were initially normal in all cases. The mean concentrations of plasma thyroxine (T4: p<0.025), free T4 (FT4: p<0.01) and reverse triiodothyronine (rT3: p<0.005) decreased to 75% of their initial value within three weeks of Se supplementation and remained stable thereafter, within a normal physiological range during selenium supplementation. They increased back to their initial values three weeks (T4: p<0.05, FT4: p<0.05) and six weeks (rT3: p<0.025) respectively, after the end of the supplementation. In conclusion, Se supplementation modifies thyroid function parameters in Se-deficient PKU subjects most likely by an increase in activity of type I 5′-deiodinase (5′-DIase I).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, B-2610, Antwerp-Wilrijk, Belgium

    M. R. Calomme, C. Van Hoorebeke & D. A. Vanden Berghe

  2. Antwerp Children Hospital, B-2610, Antwerp-Wilrijk, Belgium

    M. Van Caillie-Bertrand

  3. Centre Inter Universitaire Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Mons, Belgium

    J. B. Vanderpas & N. Vanovervelt

  4. Dr L. Willems Institute and University Center Limburg, Diepenbeek, Belgium

    B. François

  5. Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Hôpital André Vésale, Montignies-le-Tilleul, Belgium

    A. Herchuelz

  6. Laboratory of Microbiology and Hygiene, School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UIA), B-2610, Antwerp-Wilrijk, Belgium

    M. Van Caillie-Bertrand

Authors
  1. M. R. Calomme
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  2. J. B. Vanderpas
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  3. B. François
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  4. M. Van Caillie-Bertrand
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  5. A. Herchuelz
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  6. N. Vanovervelt
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  7. C. Van Hoorebeke
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  8. D. A. Vanden Berghe
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Additional information

Preliminary results of this study were presented as posters on the 4th International Congress on Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, Chamonix, France (1993) and the 4th Joint Meeting of the Lawson Wilkens Pediatric Endocrine Society and the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology, San Francisco, California, Ped Res (1993) 33: S93 (abstract 537). Support in part by Research Grants of Nutricia BV, (The Netherlands).

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Calomme, M.R., Vanderpas, J.B., François, B. et al. Thyroid function parameters during a selenium repletion/depletion study in phenylketonuric subjects. Experientia 51, 1208–1215 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01944738

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