Skip to main content
Log in

Antibiotic prophylaxis in transurethral surgery: A comparison of sulbactam-ampicillin and cefoxitin

Antibiotikaprophylaxe bei transurethralen chirurgischen Eingriffen. Vergleich von Sulbactam-Ampicillin und Cefoxitin

  • Originalia
  • Published:
Infection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The efficacy and safety of perioperative prophylaxis with sulbactam-ampicillin or cefoxitin was compared in a prospective randomized double-blind study of 103 patients undergoing transurethral surgery. Fifty-two patients received 0.5 g sulbactam and 1 g ampicillin intramuscularly, 30 to 90 minutes prior to surgery, followed by the same dose administered intravenously every eight hours for a total of three additional doses over 24 hours. Fifty-one patients received 1 g of cefoxitin administered according to the same schedule as sulbactam-ampicillin. The incidence of urinary tract infection during hospitalization was 8% in the sulbactam-ampicillin group and 4% in the cefoxitin group. One month postoperatively the incidences were 3% and 5%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups in incidence of fever or length of postoperative hospital stay. Both drugs were well tolerated. No side effects were seen other than a mild skin rash in one patient and diarrhea in two patients. Sulbactam concentrated in prostatic tissue, and ampicillin together with sulbactam was found in concentrations above the minimal inhibitory concentration of most bacteria causing postoperative urinary tract infection. It is concluded that sulbactam-ampicillin and cefoxitin are equally effective and safe in preventing postoperative urinary tract infection in transurethral surgery.

Zusammenfassung

In einer prospektiven randomisierten Doppelblindstudie mit 103 Patienten, die einen transurethralen chirurgischen Eingriff durchmachten, wurde die Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit einer perioperativen Prophylaxe mit Sulbactam-Ampicillin und Cefoxitin verglichen. 52 Patienten erhielten 0,5 g Sulbactam und 1 g Ampicillin i. m. 30–90 Minuten vor der Operation und nach der Operation nochmals drei zusätzliche Dosen entsprechender Menge i.v. im Abstand von acht Stunden, über einen Gesamtzeitraum von 24 Stunden. In einem entsprechenden Applikationsschema wurde 51 Patienten jeweils 1 g Cefoxitin verabreicht. In der Sulbactam-Ampicillin-Gruppe betrug die Inzidenz an Harnwegsinfektionen während der stationären Behandlung 8%, in der Cefoxitin-Gruppe 4%. Einen Monat nach der Operation lagen die Inzidenzen bei 3% bzw. 5%. In der Inzidenz von Fieber oder der Dauer des postoperativen Krankenhausaufenthaltes bestanden keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen. Beide Medikamente wurden gut vertragen. Mit Ausnahme eines leichten Exanthems bei einem Patienten und Durchfall bei zwei Patienten wurden keine Nebenwirkungen beobachtet. Sulbactam reicherte sich im Prostatagewebe an; die Konzentrationen von Ampicillin und Sulbactam lagen oberhalb der minimalen Hemmkonzentrationen der meisten für postoperative Harnwegsinfektionen in Frage kommenden Bakterien. Aus den Befunden wird abgeleitet, daß Sulbactam-Ampicillin und Cefoxitin von gleicher Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit für die Prävention von Harnwegsinfektionen bei transurethralen chirurgischen Eingriffen sind.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature

  1. Chodak, G. W., Plaut, M. E. Systemic antibiotics for prophylaxis in urologic surgery: a critical review. J. Urol. 121 (1979) 659–699.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Nielsen, O. S., Maigaard, S., Frimodt-Møller, N., Madsen, P. O. Prophylactic antibiotics in transurethral prostatectomy. J. Urol. 126 (1981) 60–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Camey, M., Botto, H., Michon, J., Leduc, A.: The use of cefotaxime in prevention of intra-operative bacterial dissemination during urological endoscopic surgery. In:Spitzy, K. H., Karrer, K. (eds.): Proceedings 13th International Congress of Chemotherapy, Vienna, 28 Aug.–2 Sept. 1983, Part 68, pp. 36–38.

  4. Scott, W. W. Blood stream infections in urology; report of 82 cases. J. Urol. 21 (1929) 527–566.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Morris, M. J., Galovsky, D., Guinness, M. D. G., Maher, P. O. The value of prophylactic antibiotics in transurethral prostatic resection: a controlled trial, with observation on the origin of post-operative infection. Br. J. Urol. 48 (1976) 479–484.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Appel, R. A., Flynn, J. T., Paris, A. M., Blandy, J. P. Occult bacterial colonization of bladder tumors. J. Urol. 124 (1980) 345–346.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Last, P. M., Harbison, P. A., Marsh, J. A. Bacteremia after urological instrumentation. Lancet I (1966) 74–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Symes, J. M., Hardy, D. G., Sutherns, K., Blandy, J. P. Factors reducing the rate of infection after transurethral surgery. Br. J. Urol. 44 (1972) 582–586.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Iversen, P., Madsen, P. O. Short-term cephalosporin prophylaxis in transurethral surgery. Clin. Ther. 5 Suppl. A (1982) 58–66.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Nesbit, R. M., Conger, K. B. Studies of blood loss during transurethral prostatic resection. J. Urol. 46 (1941) 713–721.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Foulds, G., Stankewich, J. P., Marshall, D. C., O'Brien, M. M., Hayes, S. L., Weidler, D. J., McMahon, F. G. Pharmacokinetics of sulbactam in humans. Antimicrob. Agent Chemother. 23 (1983) 692–699.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Dellinger, P. Perioperative antibiotics in urologic surgery. Urol. Clin. N. Am. 3 (1976) 323–331.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Gross, P. A., Neu, H. C., Aswapokee, P., Van Antwerren, C., Aswapokee, N. Deaths from nosocomial infections: experience in a university hospital and a community hospital. Am. J. Med. 68 (1980) 219–223.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Genster, H. G., Madsen, P. O. Urinary tract infections following transurethral prostatectomy: with special reference to the use of antimicrobials. J. Urol. 104 (1970) 163–168.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Stamey, T. A., Meares, E. M., Winningham, D. G. Chronic bacterial prostatitis and the diffusion of drugs into the prostatic fluid. J. Urol. 103 (1970) 187–194.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. McGuire, E. J. Antibacterial prophylaxis in prostatectomy patients. J. Urol. 111 (1974) 794–798.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Hargreave, T. B., Hindmarsh, J. R., Elton, R., Chisholm, G. D., Gould, J. C. Short-term prophylaxis with cefotaxime for prostatic surgery. Br. Med. J. 284 (1982) 1008–1010.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Dørflinger, T., Madsen, P.O. Antibiotic prophylaxis in transurethral surgery: A comparison of sulbactam-ampicillin and cefoxitin. Infection 13, 66–69 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01660416

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01660416

Keywords

Navigation