Zinc absorption and leukocyte zinc in alcoholic and nonalcoholic cirrhosis

Abstract

To determine if malabsorption of zinc contributes to the zinc deficiency found in cirrhosis, the absorption of an oral dose of ZnCl₂, labeled with⁶⁵Zn and a nonabsorbed marker⁵¹CrCl₃, was determined from the ratio of these isotopes in a stool specimen. Average⁶⁵Zn absorption in 25 alcoholic cirrhotics, 37±17% (sd), was low compared to 55±16% in 31 healthy volunteer controls (P<0.01). In contrast, mean⁶⁵Zn absorption, 47±11%, in 11 nonalcoholic cirrhotics was not significantly different from the average result in healthy controls. Low⁶⁵Zn absorption was accompanied by low leukocyte zinc in a subgroup of alcoholic cirrhotics with ascites and/or ascites and encephalopathy, but not in the subgroup in which these clinical features were absent. Thus, low zinc absorption contributes to zinc deficiency in decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis. The failure to find similar abnormalities in nonalcoholic cirrhosis suggests that the long-standing consumption of alcoholic beverages contributes to the malabsorption of zinc.