Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Host factors required for internal initiation of translation on poliovirus RNA

  • Original Papers
  • Published:
Archives of Virology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Translation of poliovirus RNA is initiated by entry of ribosomes into the nucleotide sequence (internal ribosomal entry site; IRES) within the 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR). Efficiency of this translation initiation in rabbit reticulocyte lysates (RRL) was very low and was greatly enhanced by addition of the ribosomal salt-wash fraction (RSW) prepared from HeLa cells. This stimulating activity in the RSW was partially purified by gel-filtration column chromatography and its molecular weight was estimated to be higher than 240 000. Several proteins that bind specifically to the poliovirus IRES were detected in the active fraction. Among those, a 57 kDa protein, recognized by antibodies against polypyrimidide tract-binding protein (PTB), was found. In addition, La protein (52 kDa) which is a human antigen recognized by antibodies from patients with autoimmune disorders was also detected. Further purification on a hydroxylapatite column resulted in considerable loss of the stimulatory activity, accompanied by a reduction of the apparent molecular weight of active component(s). These results suggest that fully active HeLa cell stimulatory factors for the translation initiation on poliovirus RNA function in RRL as a large complex consisted of several components including PTB and La protein.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Agol VI (1991) The 5′-untranslated region of picornaviral genomes. Adv Virus Res 40: 103–180

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bandyopadhyay P, Wang C, Lipton HL (1992) Cap-independent translation by the 5′ untranslated region of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. J Virol 66: 6249–6256

    Google Scholar 

  3. Belsham GJ, Brangwyn JK (1990) A region of the 5′ noncoding region of foot-and-mouth disease virus RNA directs efficient internal initiation of protein synthesis within cells: involvement with the role of L protease in translational control. J Virol 64: 5389–5395

    Google Scholar 

  4. Borman A, Howell MT, Patton JG, Jackson JR (1993) The involvement of a spliceosome component in internal initiation of human rhinovirus RNA translation. J Gen Virol 74: 1775–1788

    Google Scholar 

  5. Borman A, Jackson RJ (1992) Initiation of translation of human rhinovirus RNA: mapping the internal ribosome entry site. Virology 188: 685–696

    Google Scholar 

  6. Borovjagin AV, Ezrokhi MV, Rostapshov VM, Ugarova TYU, Bystrova TF, Shatsky IN (1991) RNA-protein interactions within the internal translation initiation region of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA. Nucleic Acids Res 19: 4999–5005

    Google Scholar 

  7. Brown BA, Ehrenfeld E (1979) Translation of poliovirus RNAin vitro: changes in cleavage pattern and initiation sites by ribosomal salt wash. Virology 97: 396–405

    Google Scholar 

  8. Del Angel RM, Papavassiliou AG, Fernandez-Tomas C, Silverstein SJ, Racaniello VR (1989) cell proteins bind to multiple sites within the 5′ untranslated region of poliovirus RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 8299–8303

    Google Scholar 

  9. Dorner AJ, Semler BL, Jackson RJ, Hanecak R, Duprey E, Wimmer E (1984) In vitro translation of poliovirus RNA: utilzation of internal initiation sites in reticulocyte lysate. J Virol 50: 507–514

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gebhard JR, Ehrenfeld E (1992) Specific interactions of HeLa cell proteins with proposed translation domains of the poliovirus 5′ noncoding region. J Virol 66: 3101–3109

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ghetti A, Pinõl-Roma S, Michael WM, Morandi C, Dreyfuss G (1992) hnRNP I, the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein: distinct nuclear localization and association with hnRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 20: 3671–3678

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gil A, Sharp PA, Jamison SF, Garcia-Blanco MA (1991) Characterization of cDNAs encoding the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein. Genes Dev 5: 1224–1236

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hagino-Yamagishi K, Nomoto A (1989) In vitro construction of poliovirus defective interfering particles. J Virol 63: 5386–5392

    Google Scholar 

  14. Haller AA, Nguyen JHC, Semlar BL (1993) Minimum internal ribosome entry site required for poliovirus infectivity. J Virol 67: 7461–7471

    Google Scholar 

  15. Haller AA, Semlar BL (1992) Linker scanning mutagenesis of the internal ribosome entry site of poliovirus RNA J Virol 66: 5075–5086

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hellen CUT, Witherell GW, Schmid M, Shin SH, Pestova TV, Gil A, Wimmer E (1993) A cytoplasmic 57-kDa protein that is required for translation of picornavirus RNA by internal ribosomal entry is identical to the nuclear pyrimidine tract-binding protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 7642–7646

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hewlett MJ, Rose JK, Baltimore D (1976) 5′ terminal structure of poliovirus polyribosomal RNA is pUp. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 73: 327–330

    Google Scholar 

  18. Jackson RJ, Howell MT, Kaminski A (1990) The novel mechanism of initiation of picornavirus RNA translation. Trends Biochem Sci 15: 477–483

    Google Scholar 

  19. Jang SK, Davies MV, Kaufman RJ, Wimmer E (1989) Initiation of protein synthesis by internal entry of ribosomes into the 5′ nontranslated region of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA in vivo. J Virol 63: 1651–1660

    Google Scholar 

  20. Jang SK, Kräusslich HG, Nicklin MJH, Duke GM, Palmenberg AC, Wimmer E (1988) A segment of the 5′ nontranslated region of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA directs internal entry of ribosomes during in vitro translation. J Virol 62: 2636–2643

    Google Scholar 

  21. Jang SK, Pestova T, Hellen CUT, Witherell GW, Wimmer E (1991) Cap-independent translation of picornavirus RNAs: structure and function of the internal ribosomal entry site. In: Thach RE (ed) Translational regulated genes in higher eukaryotes. S Karger, Basel, pp 292–309

    Google Scholar 

  22. Jang SK, Wimmer E (1990) Cap-independent translation of encephalomyocarditis virus RNA: structural elements of the internal ribosomal entry site and involvement of a cellular 57-kD RNA binding protein. Genes Dev 4: 1560–1572

    Google Scholar 

  23. Koch F, Koch G (1985) In: The molecular biology of picornavirus. Springer, Wien New York

    Google Scholar 

  24. Kozak M (1989) The scanning model for translation: an update. J Cell Biol 108: 229–241

    Google Scholar 

  25. Kozak M (1991) An analysis of vertebrate mRNA sequences: intimations of translational control. J Cell Biol 115: 887–903

    Google Scholar 

  26. Laemmli UK (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 277: 680–685

    Google Scholar 

  27. Luz N, Beck E (1991) Interaction of a cellular 57-kilodalton protein with the internal translation initiation site of foot-and-mouth disease virus. J Virol 65: 6486–6494

    Google Scholar 

  28. Macejak DG, Sarnow P (1991) Internal initiation of translation mediated by the 5′ leader of a cellular mRNA. Nature 353: 90–94

    Google Scholar 

  29. Meerovitch K, Pelletier J, Sonenberg N (1989) A cellular protein that binds to the 5′-noncoding region of poliovirus RNA: implications for internal translation initiation. Genes Dev 3: 1026–1034

    Google Scholar 

  30. Meerovitch K, Svitkin YV, Lee HS, Lejbkowicz F, Kenan DJ, Chan EKL, Agol VI, Keene JD, Sonenberg N (1993) La autoantigen enhances and corrects aberrant translation of poliovirus RNA in reticulocyte lysate. J Virol 67: 3798–3807

    Google Scholar 

  31. Najita L, Sarnow P (1990) Oxidation-reduction sensitive interaction of a cellular 50-kDa protein with an RNA hairpin in the 5′ noncoding region of the poliovirus genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 5846–5850

    Google Scholar 

  32. Nomoto A, Lee YF, Wimmer E (1976) The 5′ end of poliovirus mRNA is not capped wirh m7G(5′)ppp(5′)Np. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 73: 375–380

    Google Scholar 

  33. OH S-K, Scott MP, Sarnow P (1992) Homeotic geneAntenapedia mRNA contains 5′-noncoding sequences that confer translational initiation by internal ribosome binding Genes Dev 6: 1643–1653

    Google Scholar 

  34. Pelletier J, Kaplan G, Racaniello VR, Sonenberg N (1988) Translational efficiency of poliovirus mRNA: mapping inhibitorycis-acting elements within the 5′noncoding region. J Virol 62: 2219–2227

    Google Scholar 

  35. Pelletier J, Sonenberg N (1988) Internal initiation of translation of eukaryotic mRNA directed by a sequence derived from poliovirus RNA. Nature 334: 320–325

    Google Scholar 

  36. Pestova TV, Hellen CUT, Wimmer E (1991) Translation of poliovirus RNA: Role of an essentialcis-acting oligopyrimidine element within the 5′ nontranslated region and involvement of a cellular 57-kilodalton protein. J Virol 65: 6194–6204

    Google Scholar 

  37. Phillips BA, Emmert A (1986) Modulation of the expression of poliovirus proteins in reticulocyte lysates. Virology 148: 225–267

    Google Scholar 

  38. Svitkin YV, Pestova TV, Maslova SV, Agol VI (1988) point mutations modify the response of poliovirus RNA to a translation initiation factor: a comparison of neurovirulent and attenuated strains. Virology 166: 394–404

    Google Scholar 

  39. Thomas AAM, ter Haar E, Wellink J, Voorma HO (1991) Cowpea mosaic virus middle component RNA contains a sequence that allows internal binding of ribosomes and that requires eukaryotic initiation factor 4F for optimal translation. J Virol 65: 2953–2959

    Google Scholar 

  40. Tsukiyama-Kohara K, Iizuka N, Kohara M, Nomoto A (1992) Internal ribosome entry site within hepatitis C virus RNA. J Virol 66: 1476–1483

    Google Scholar 

  41. Tsukiyama-Kohara K, Kohara M, Nomoto A (1994) Translation initiation mechanism on hepatitis C virus RNA. In: Nishioka K, Suzuki H, Mishiro S, Oda T (eds) Viral Hepatitis Liver Dis, pp 121–124

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Public Health and Molecular Toxicology, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan

    H. Toyoda, N. Koide, M. Kamiyama, K. Tobita & N. Imura

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan

    K. Mizumoto

Authors
  1. H. Toyoda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. N. Koide
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Kamiyama
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. K. Tobita
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. K. Mizumoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. N. Imura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Toyoda, H., Koide, N., Kamiyama, M. et al. Host factors required for internal initiation of translation on poliovirus RNA. Archives of Virology 138, 1–15 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01310034

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01310034

Keywords

Search

Navigation