Abstract
The geography of air transport to and from South Africa has been shaped powerfully by the world map of anti-apartheid, sanctions-keeping nations which close their airspace to the Republic's state-owned airline. Re-routering, involving notably the offshore west-African link to Europe, revocation of foreign landing rights and a shrinking airline network have resulted. The economic dependence of the Republic's southern African neighbours on their political adversary has dissuaded them from joining an anti-apartheid air blockade. Likewise, the penalties to black African states of denying overfying, landing and traffic rights to west-European airlines plying the South Africa route have diminished the force of the air embargo.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
African World Annual (mountly, London)
Avmark Aviation Economist (mountly, London)
Badibanga, A.: Le trafic aerien en Afrique. Cahiers d'Outre Mer 36, 137–150 (1983)
Baker, C.: Sir Geoffrey Colby and the ‘Solent’ flying boat service to Nyasaland 1949–1950. Journal of Modern African Studies 26, 165–170 (1988)
Burchall, H.: Air services in Africa. Journal of the African Society 32, 55–73 (1933)
Burchall, H.: The politics of international air routes. International Affairs 14, 89–107 (1935)
Burger (daily, Cape Town)
Cape Argus (daily, Cape Town)
Cape Times (daily, Cape Town)
Citizen (daily, Johannesburg)
Dacharry, M.: Geographie du Transport Aerien. Libraries Techniques. Paris 1981.
Endres, G. G.: World Airline Fleets. Browcom Publications. Feltham 1987.
Eskinder, K.: Air transport in Africa. Tijdschrift voor Vervoerwetenschap 24, 334–338 (1988)
Financial Mail (weekly, Johannesburg)
Gidwitz, B.: The Politics of International Air Transport. D. C. Heath, Lexington 1980.
Griffiths, I. L.: Airways sanctions against South Africa. Area 21, 249–259 (1989)
Herald Tribune (daily, Washington DC)
Hoare, S.: Aviation and the British empire. Scottish Geographical Magazine 45, 1–6 (1929)
Jonsson, C.: Sphere of flying: the politics of international aviation. International Organization 35, 273–302 (1981)
Killingray, D.: “A swift agent of government”: air power in British colonial Africa, 1916–1939. Journal of African History 25, 429–444 (1984)
Kissling, C. C.: Rationalisation for survival in south Pacific civil aviation. Australian Geographical Studies 2, 205–216 (1981)
Kissling, C. C.: Flap, throttle and thrust: a decade of change in south Pacific civil aviation. Pacific Viewpoint 23, 53–64 (1982)
Kissling, C. C.: International tourism and civil aviation in the South Pacific: issues and innovations. GeoJournal 19, 309–315 (1989)
Lloyd's Aviation Economist (monthly, London)
London Times (daily, London)
McCormack, R. L.: Imperial mission: the air route to Cape Town, 1918–32. Journal of Contemporary History 9, 77–97 (1974)
McCormack, R. L.: Airlines and empires: Great Britain and the ‘Scramble for Africa’, 1919–1939. Canadian Journal of African Studies 10, 87–105 (1976)
McCormack, R. L.: Man with a mission: Oswald Pirow and South African Airways, 1933–1939. Journal of African History 20, 543–557 (1979)
McCormack, R. L.: Imperialism, air transport and colonial development: Kenya, 1926–1946. Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 17, 374–395 (1989)
Natal Mercury (daily, Durban)
Rand Daily Mail (daily, Johannesburg)
Reichman, S.: Domestic air transport in Sierra Leone. Journal of the Sierra Leone Geographical Association 9, 1–15 (1964)
Star (daily, Johannesburg)
Sunday Times (weekly, Johannesburg)
Taylor, M. J.; Kissling, C. C.: Resource dependence, power networks and the airline system of the South Pacific. Regional Studies 17, 237–250 (1983)
Vaderland (daily, Johannesburg)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pirie, G.H. Aviation, apartheid and sanctions: Air transport to and from South Africa, 1945–1989. GeoJournal 22, 231–240 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00711334
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00711334