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Early parent death and psychiatric diagnosis

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Summary

1. The study was carried out on a large sample of patients referred to the psychiatric services of the North-Eastern Region of Scotland and a control sample obtained by a postal survey of the local general population. The patient sample was divided into five diagnostic groups: depressives, neurotics other than depressive, psychotics other than depressive, alcoholics and personality disorders. - 2. It was shown (i) that there was a significant variation in the decade of birth distribtuion of the five diagnostic groups and (ii) that the incidence of early bereavement varies with decade of birth. The necessity for calculating decade-of-birth-adjusted expected incidences of bereavement for each diagnostic group, on the basis of the general population data, was obvious. - 3. When this was done it became evident that early bereavement was not a significant factor in either the neurotics or the psychotics. In the remaining three diagnostic groups it appeared that early bereavement affected only the female patients. The diagnoses most significantly associated with early bereavement were the depressives and the alcoholics. The period most crucial for parent death was age 0 to 9.

Résumé

1. Cette étude a été entreprise auprès d'un vaste échantillon de patients qui avaient été adressés aux services psychiatriques de la région nord-est de l'Ecosse, et d'un échantillon de contrôle obtenu dans la population générale locale au moyen d'une enquête par voie postale. L'échantillon de patients a été divisé en cinq groupes diagnostiques: Les dépressions, les névroses autres que dépressives, les psychoses autres que dépressives, les alcooliques et les troubles de la personnalité. 2.On a montré (i) qu'il y avait une variation significative dans la distribution de la décade de la naissance des cinq groupes diagnostiques et (ii) que l'incidence de la perte précoce des parents variait selon la décade de la naissance. Il est donc évident qu'il faut calculer l'incidence vraisemblable de cette perte selon la décade de la naissance pour chaque groupe diagnostique, sur la base des données de la population générale. 3. Lorsque cela a été fait, il est apparu clairement que la perte précoce des parents n'était un facteur significatif ni chez les patients névrotiques, ni chez les psychotiques. Dans les trois autres groupes diagnostiques, on a constaté que cette perte n'avait une influence que sur les femmes. Les diagnostics associés de la façon la plus significative à la perte précoce des parents étaient les dépressions et l'alcoolisme. La période la plus cruciale, pour ce qui est de la mort des parents, était de 0 à 9 ans.

Zusammenfassung

1. Die Untersuchung wurde an einem großen Patientengut durchgeführt, das an die psychiatrischen Dienste des nordöstlichen Gebiets von Schottland überwiesen wurde, und an einer Kontrollgruppe, die durch eine schriftliche Befragung der allgemeinen lokalen Bevölkerung zustande kam. Die Patientengruppe wurde in fünf diagnostische Gruppen aufgeteilt: Depressive, nicht-depressive Neurotiker, nicht-depressive Psychotiker, Alkoholiker und Persönlichkeitsstörungen. - 2. Es wurde gezeigt (i), daß es einen signifikanten Unterschied im Jahrzehnt der Geburtenverteilung bei den fünf Diagnosengruppen gab und (ii), daß der frühe Verlust der Eltern mit dem Jahrzehnt der Geburt variiert. Es war deshalb notwendig, auf der Grundlage der allgemeinen Bevölkerungsdaten die erwarteten Inzidenzraten von Elternverlusten für jede Diagnosengruppe zu berechnen, und sie wiederum auf das Geburtsjahr zu beziehen. - 3. Danach wurde klar, daß der frühe Verlust der Eltern weder bei den Neurotikern noch bei den Psychotikern ein signifikanter Faktor war. Bei den übrigen drei diagnostischen Gruppen schienen frühe Verluste nur weibliche Patienten zu affizieren. Signifikant am häufigsten mit frühen Verlusten verbunden waren die Diagnosen der Depressiven und der Alkoholiker. Die kritischste Zeit für den Tod der Eltern war das Alter zwischen 0 und 9 Jahren.

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Birtchnell, J. Early parent death and psychiatric diagnosis. Soc Psychiatry 7, 202–210 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00577908

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