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Cavitation in creep

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Abstract

Metals often fail in service under creep conditions because of the formation of cavities on the grain boundaries which are approximately normal to the applied stress. This phenomenon of creep cavitation is becoming of increasing technological importance. As a result a complete understanding of it is desirable so that alloys with improved cavitation resistance can be designed. This paper reviews the development of our present understanding of the phenomenon which is one of nucleation, growth and linkage leading to failure.

Several mechanisms of nucleation, such as at grain-boundary ledges or precipitates, have been postulated and experimental evidence in support of each has been cited. Similarly, deformation- or vacancy-controlled growth mechanisms have been discussed. It is apparent from the literature thatno single mechanism is applicable, indeed, the work discussed here suggests that several mechanisms may operate and each may become dominant at different stages of the creep life.

Finally, the status of research into nickel-base superalloys is reviewed with reference being made to such effects as regenerative heat-treatment.

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Perry, A.J. Cavitation in creep. J Mater Sci 9, 1016–1039 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00570398

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