Abstract
Applications for the commercial release of herbicide-resistant crops, most of them transgenic, are likely to become more frequent in the coming years. The ecological concerns raised by their large scale use call for risk-assessment studies. One of the major issues in such studies is the relative fitness of the resistant line compared to the susceptible when no herbicide is applied since this will largely determine the long-term fate of the resistance gene outside of the field. Here we report on a comparison of a sulfonylurea-resistant line of white-chicory regenerated from a non-mutagenized cell culture with a supposedly isogenic susceptible biotype. The plants were grown in experimental plots at a range of densities in a replacement series. The reproductive output of the plants decreased with increasing density but no significant difference was found between the two lines for any vegetative or reproductive trait at any density. This suggests that no cost is associated with the mutation causing the resistance and that the resistance gene would not be selected against if it escaped to populations of wild chicories.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alcocer-Ruthling M, Thill DC, Shafii B (1992a) Differential competitiveness of sulfonylurea-resistant and-susceptible pricky lettuce (Lactuca serriola). Weed Technol 6:303–309
Alcocer-Ruthling M, Thill DC, Shafii B (1992b) Seed biology of sulfonylurea-resistant and -susceptible biotypes of pricky lettuce (Lactuca serriola). Weed Technol 6:858–864
Anderson PC, M Georgeson (1989) Herbicide-tolerant mutants of corn. Genome 31:994–999
Beversdorf WD, Hume DJ, Donnelly-Vanderloo MJ (1988) Agronomic performance of Triazine-resistant and-susceptible reciprocal spring Canola hybrids. Crop Sci 28:932–934
Brandle JE, Miki BL (1993) Agronomic performance of sulfonylurea-resistant flue-cured tobacco grown under field conditions. Crop Sci 33:847–851
Caretto S, Giardina MC, Nicolodi C, Mariotti D (1994) Chlorsulfuron resistance in Daucus carota cell lines and plants: involvement of gene amplification. Theor Appl Genet 88:520–524
Chaleff RS, Mauvais CJ (1984) Acetolactate synthase is the site of action of two sulfonylurea herbicides in higher plants. Science 224:1443–1445
Chaleff RS, Ray TB (1984) Herbicide-resistant mutants from tobacco cell cultures. Science 223:1148–1151
Christoffoleti PJ, Westra P (1991) Fitness and ecological adaptability of chlorsulfuron resistant and -susceptible kochia biotypes (abstract). Proc West Soc Weed Sci 44:81
Coppens d'Eeckenbrugge G, Gobbe J, Evrard B (1987) Mécanismes de la reproduction de la chicorée de Bruxelles: fondements et application à la sélection. IRSIA, Bruxelles
Cordonnier P (1990) Etude de la résistance aux sulfonylurées de chicorées (Cichorium intybus var. Witloof). DAA Protection des cultures, ENSA-Montpellier
Dale PJ, McPartlan HC (1992) Field performance of transgenic potato plants compared with controls regenerated from tuber discs and shoot cuttings. Theor Appl Genet 84:585–591
Darmency H, Gasquez J (1990) Résistance aux herbicides chez les mauvaises herbes. Agronomie 6:457–472
Dyer WE, Chee PW, Fay PK (1993) Rapid germination of sulfonylurea-resistant Kochia scoparia L. accessions is associated with elevated seed levels of branched amino-acids. Weed Sci 41:18–22
Gressel J, Ben-Sinai G (1985) Low intraspecific competitive fitness in a triazine-resistant, nearly nuclear-isogenic line of Brassica napus. Plant Sci 38:29–32
Harms CT, Armour SL, DiMaio JL, Middlesteadt LA, Murray D, Negrotto DV, Thompson-Taylor H, Weymann K, Montoya AL, Shillito RD, Jen GC (1992) Herbicide resistance due to amplification of a mutant acetohydroxyacid synthase gene. Mol Gen Genet 233:427–435
Harlan JR (1975) Crops and man. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, United States
Jacot Y, Jacot P (1994) Application du génie génétique à l'agriculture: évaluation des dangers potentiels pour la flore suisse. Cahier de l'environnement 235
Jordan MC, McHugen A (1987) Selection for chlorsulfuron resistance in flax (Linum usitatissimum) cell cultures. J Plant Physiol 131:333–338
Larkin PJ, Scowcroft WR (1981) Somaclonal variation — a novel source of variation from cell cultures for plant improvement. Theor Appl Genet 60:197–214
Lavigne C (1991) Risques liés à la culture d'endives (Cichorium intybus L. var. Witloof) résistantes au chlorsulfuron: expérimentations et tentative de modélisation. DEA, INA-PG
Lavigne C, Millecamps JL, Manac'h H, Cordonnier P, Matejicek A, Vasseur J, Gasquez J (1994) Monogenic semidominant sulfony-lurea resistance in a line of white chicory. Plant Breeding 113:305–311
Loublier Y, Douault P, Pham-Delegue MH (1986) Méthode de comptage automatique des grains de pollen: étude de la production pollinique chez le tournesol (Helianthus annuus L., Compositae). Apidologie 17:245–256
Mallory-Smith CA, Thill DC, Alcocer-Ruthling M, Thompson CR (1992) Growth comparisons of sulfonylurea-resistant and -susceptible biotypes. Proc 1st Int Weed Control Congr, Melbourne, Australia 2:301–303
McCloskey WB, Holt JS (1990) Triazine resistance in Senecio vulgaris parental and nearly isonuclear backcrossed biotypes is correlated with reduced productivity. Plant Physiol 92:954–962
McHugen A, Holm F (1991) Herbicide-resistant transgenic flax field test: agronomic performance in normal and sulfonylurea-containing soils. Euphytica 55:49–56
Miki BL, Labbe H, Hattori J, Quellet T, Gabard J, Sunohara G, Charest PJ (1990) Transformation of Brassica napus canola cultivars with Arabidopsis thaliana acetohydroxyacid synthase genes and analysis of herbicide resistance. Theor Appl Genet 80:449–458
Reboud X, Till-Bottraud I (1991) The cost of herbicide resistance measured by a competition experiment. Theor Appl Genet 2:690–696
Saunders JW, Acquaah G., Renner KA, Doley WP (1992) Monogenic dominant sulfonylurea resistance in sugarbeet from somatic cell selection. Crop Sci 32:1354–1360
Schmid B (1992) Phenotypic variation in plants. Evol Trends Plants 6:45–60
Shaner DL (1991) Mechanisms of resistance to acetolactate synthase/acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitors. In: Caseley JC, Cussans GW, Atkin RK (eds) Herbicide resistance in weeds and crops. Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd, Oxford, UK, pp 187–188
Stearns S (1992) The evolution of life histories, Oxford University Press, New York
Stowe AE, Holt JS (1988) Comparison of triazine-resistant and -susceptible biotypes of Senecio vulgaris and their F1 hybrids. Plant Physiol 134:685–690
Swanson EB, Coumans MP, Brown GL, Ptael JD, Beversdorf WD (1988) The characterization of herbicide-tolerant plants in Brassica napus L. after in vitro selection of microspores and protoplasts. Plant Cell Rep 7:83–87
Thill DC, Mallory-Smith CA, Saari LL, Cotterman JC, Priamini MM, Saladini JL (1991) Sulfonylurea herbicide-resistant weeds: discovery, distribution, biology, mechanism, and management. In: Caseley JC, Cussans GW, Atkin RK (eds) Herbicide resistance in weeds and crops. Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd, Oxford, UK, pp 115–128
Thompson CR, Thill DC (1992) Sulfonylurea herbicide-resistant and -susceptible kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.] growth rate and seed production (abstract). Proc Weed Sci Soc Am 32:44
Tiedje JM, Colwell RK, Grossman YL, Hodson RE, Lenski RE, Mack RN, Regal PJ (1989) The planned introduction of genetically engineered organisms: ecological considerations and recommendations. Ecology 70:298–315
Vermeulen A, Vaucheret H, Pautot V, Chupeau Y (1992) Agrobacterium-mediated transfer of a mutant Arabidopsis acetolactate synthase gene confers resistance to chlorsulfuron in chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). Plant Cell Rep 11:243–247
Warwick SI, Black LD (1994) Relative fitness of herbicide-resistant and -susceptible biotypes of weeds. Phytoprotection 75 (suppl):37–48
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by J. Mackey
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lavigne, C., Manac'h, H., Guyard, C. et al. The cost of herbicide resistance in white-chicory: ecological implications for its commercial release. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 91, 1301–1308 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00220945
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00220945