Abstract
Dynamics in minerals at time scales from seconds to microseconds are important in understanding mechanisms of displacive phase transitions, diffusion, and conductivity. High resolution, magic-angle-spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy can directly show the rates of exchange among sites, potentially providing less model-dependent information than more traditional NMR relaxation time measurements. Here we use a newly developed high temperature MAS probe (Doty Scientific, Inc.) to observe the exchange of Na+ among the alkali sites in a high-Na nepheline at temperatures as high as 500° C. Observed exchange rates are consistent with correlation times derived from cation diffusivity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Carduner KR, Farrington GC, White D, Villa M (1983) Structure and Na+ dynamics in β- and β″-aluminas at low temperature: a 23Na NMR study. Solid State Ionics 9&10:339–346
Dollase WA (1970) Least-squares refinement of the structure of a plutonic nepheline. Z Kristallogr 132:27–44
Engelhardt G, Michel D (1987) High-resolution solid-state NMR of silicates and zeolites. Wiley, New York
Farnan I, Stebbins JF (1988) Structure and dynamics of Li4SiO4/ Li2SiO3 eutectic composition observed by high temperature 29Si NMR. Eos 69:1482
Foreman N, Peacor DR (1970) Refinement of the nepheline structure at several temperatures. Z Kristallogr 132:45–70
Fuda K, Kishio K, Yamauchi S, Fueki K (1985) Study of vacancy motion in Y2O3-doped CeO2 by 17O NMR technique. J Phys Chem Solids 46:1141–1146
Gregorkiewitz M (1984) Crystal structure and Al/Si-ordering of a synthetic nepheline. Bull Minéral 107:499–507
Gregorkiewitz M (1986) Alkali diffusion in M′(AlSiO4) compounds with frameworks of the tridymite topology and its variants. Solid State Ionics 18&19:534–538
Hahn T, Buerger MJ (1955) The detailed structure of nepheline, KNa3Al4Si4O16. Z Kristallogr 106:308–338
Henderson CMB, Roux J (1977) Inversions in sub-potassic nephelines. Contrib Mineral Petrol 61:279–298
Hendrickson JR, Bray PJ (1974) Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of 7Li ionic motion in alkali silicate and borate glasses. J Chem Phys 61:2754–2764
Hovis GL, Roux J, Stebbins JF, Clare A (1989) Nepheline-kalsilite crystalline solutions. Eos 70:353
Liu SB, Stebbins JF, Schneider E, Pines A (1988) Diffusive motion in alkali silicate melts: an NMR study at high temperature. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 52:527–538
Kanert O (1985) Dynamical properties of defects in insulating solids by nuclear magnetic resonance. Cryst Lattice Defects Amorph Mater 12:41–57
Kirkpatrick RJ (1988) MAS NMR spectroscopy of minerals and glasses. In: Hawthorne FC (ed) Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Geology. Mineral Soc Am, Washington DC, pp 341–404
McConnell JDC (1981) Time-temperature study of the intensity of satellite reflections in nepheline. Am Mineral 66:990–996
Müller D (1982) Zur Bestimmung chemischer Verschiebungen der NMR-Frequenzen bei Quadrupolkernen aus den MAS-NMRSpektren. Ann Phys Leipzig 39:451–460
Phillips BL, Kirkpatrick RJ, Hovis GL (1988) 27Al, 29Si, and 23Na MAS NMR study of an Al, Si ordered alkali feldspar solid solution series. Phys Chem Minerals 16:262–275
Roth G, Böhm H (1986) Ionic conductivity of sodium nepheline crystals. Solid State Ionics 18&19:553–556
Schweikert E, Mali M, Roos J, Brinkman D, Richards PM, Biefeld RM (1983) Cooperative lithium motion and NMR relaxation of 7Li by paramagnetic impurities in β-eucryptite (LiAlSiO4). Solid State Ionics 9&10:1317–1324
Shannon RD, Berzins T (1979) Ionic conductivity in low carnegieite compositions based on NaAlSiO4. Mater Res Bull 14:361–367
Stebbins JF (1988) NMR spectroscopy and dynamical processes in mineralogy and geochemistry. In: Hawthorne FC (ed) Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Geology. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington DC, pp 405–430
Stebbins JF, Murdoch JB, Carmichael ISE, Pines A (1986) Defects and short range order in nepheline group minerals: a silicon-29 nuclear magnetic resonance study. Phys Chem Mineral 13:371–381
Tuttle OF, Smith JV (1958) The nepheline-kalsilite system: I. X-ray data for the crystalline phases. Am J Sci 256:571–589
Van Tendeloo G, Ghose S, Amelinckx S (1989) A dynamical model for the P\(\bar 1\)−I\(\bar 1\) phase transition in anorthite, CaAl2Si2O8. Phys Chem Minerals 16:311–319
Weiss CA Jr, Kirkpatrick RJ, Cygan RT (1988) 133Cs NMR spectroscopy of Cs-Exchanged layer silicates. Eos 69:501
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Stebbins, J.F., Farnan, I., Williams, E.H. et al. Magic angle spinning NMR observation of sodium site exchange in nepheline at 500° C. Phys Chem Minerals 16, 763–766 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00209699
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00209699