References
Ashton WD(1972) The logit transformation with special reference to its uses in bioassay. Hafner Publishing Company, New York
Davis JC(1978) Disruption of precopulatory behaviour in the amphipod Anisogammarus pugettensis upon exposure to bleached pulpmill effluent. Water Res 2:273–275
Day K, Scott IM(1990) Use of acetylcholinesterase activity to detect sublethal toxicity in stream invertebrates exposed to low concentrations of organophosphate insecticides. Aquatic Toxicology 18:101–114
Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Anders V, Featherstone RM(1961) A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol 3:88–95
Everts JW, vonFrankenhuysen K, Ranan B, Koernan JH(1983) Side-effects of experimental pyrethroid applications for the control of tsetse flies in a riverine forest habitat. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 12:91–97
Johnson WW, Finley MT(1980) Handbook of acute toxicity of chemicals to fish and aquatic invertebrates. US Fish Wildl Serv Res Publ 137:40
Kreutzweiser DP, Sibley PK(1991) Invertebrate drift in a headwater stream treated with permethrin. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 20:49–60
Lockhart WL, Metner DA, Ward FJ, Swanson GM(1985) Population and cholinesterase responses in fish exposed to malathion sprays. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 24:12–18
McCahon, CP, Pascoe, D(1988) Use of Gommarus pulex (L.) in safety evaluation tests — culture and selection of a sensitive life stage. Ecotox Environ Safety 15:245–252
Meneely GA, Wyttenbach CR(1989) Effects of organosphosphate insecticides diazion and parathion on bobwhite quail embryos: Skeletal defects and acetylcholinesterase activity. J Exp Zool 252:60–70
Poirier DG, Surgeoner GA(1987) Laboratory flow — through bioassay of four forestry insecticides against stream invertebrates. Can Entomol 119:755–763
Poulton MJ, Pascoe D, (1990) Disruption of precopula in Gammarus pulex — Development of a behavioural bioassay for evaluating pollutant and parasite induced stress. Chemosphere 20:403–415
Reddy MS, Jayaprada P, Rao KVR(1990) Impact of methylparathion and malathion on cholinergic and non-cholinergic enzyme systems of penaeid prawn, Metapenaeus monoceros. Biochem Intern 22:769–779
Schoor WP, Brausch J(1980) The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in pink shrimp (Penaeus duorarum) by methyl parathion and its oxon. Arch Environm Contam Toxicol 9:599–605
Streit B(1992) Bioaccumulation processes in ecosystems. Experientia 48:955–970
Streit B, Siré EO(1993) On the role of blood proteins for uptake, distribution, and clearance of waterborne lipophilic xenobiotics by fish: A linear system analysis. Chemosphere 26:1031–1039
Takimoto Y, Ohshima M, Miyamoto J(1986) Comparative metabolism of fenitrothion in aquatic organisms. 3. Metabolism in the crustaceans, Daphnia pulex and Palaemon paucidens. Ecotoxicol Environ Safety 13:126–134
Thompson HM, Walker CH, Hardy AR(1991) Changes in activity of avian serum esterases following exposure to organophosphorous insecticides. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 20:514–518
Ward DV, Busch DA(1976) Effects of temefos, an organophosphorous insecticide, on survival and escape behaviour of the marsh fiddler crab Uca pugnax. OIKOS 27:331–335
van derWel H, Welling W(1989) Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in guppies (Poecilia reticulata) by chlorpyrifos at sublethal concentrations: Methodological aspects. Ecotoxicol Environ Safety 17:205–215
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kuhn, K., Streit, B. Detecting sublethal effects of organophosphates by measuring acetylcholinesterase activity in Gammarus . Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 53, 398–404 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00197232
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00197232