Skip to main content
Log in

Simultaneous measurement of changes in red and blue fluorescence in illuminated isolated chloroplasts and leaf pieces: The contribution of NADPH to the blue fluorescence signal

  • Regular Paper
  • Published:
Photosynthesis Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A newly developed nitrogen laser fluorimeter insensitive to actinic illumination was used to follow simultaneously the light induced changes in red and blue fluorescence of intact isolated spinach chloroplasts and leaf pieces. The recorded variable blue fluorescence was linked to a water soluble component of intact isolated chloroplasts, depended on Photosystem I, and was related to changes in carbon metabolism. From the comparison of changes in intact and broken chloroplasts and from fluorescence spectra under different conditions, it was concluded that the variation in NADPH was the major cause for the changes in blue fluorescence. This study opens a path towards continuous and non-destructive monitoring of NADPH redox state in chloroplasts and leaves.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

Chl:

chlorophyll

DHAP:

dihydroxyacetone phosphate

DLGA:

DL-glyceraldehyde

FNR:

ferredoxin-NADP reductase

FWHM:

full width at half maximum

LED:

light emitting diodes

OAA:

oxaloacetate

qN :

non-photochemical quenching

PGA:

3-phosphoglycerate

Pi:

inorganic orthophosphate

qP :

photochemical quenching

PPFD:

photosynthetic photon flux density

QA :

primary quinone acceptor of Photosystem II

References

  • Anderson, DG and Vennesland, B (1954) The occurrence of di- and triphosphopyridine nucleotides in green leaves. J Biol Chem 207: 613–620

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arnon, DI (1951) Extracellular photosynthetic reactions. Nature 167: 1008–1010

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ashton, AR (1982) A role for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase as a metabolite buffer. FEBS Lett 145: 1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boger, P, Lien, SS and San, Pietro A (1973) Fluorescence studies on ferredoxin-NADP reductase. Z Naturforsch 28c: 505–510

    Google Scholar 

  • Bongi, G, Goulas, Y, Moya, I and Schmuck, G (1991) Detection simultanee dans les bandes bleue et rouge de la fluorescence induite par laser des vegetaux. In: Hunt, JJ (ed) Physical Measurements and Signatures in Remote Sensing, pp 719–722. ESA Publications Division, Noordwijk

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruinsma, J (1961) A comment on the spectrophotometric determination of chlorophyll. Biochim Biophys Acta 52: 576–578

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cerovic, ZG, Cheesbrough, JK and Walker, DA (1987) Photosynthesis by intact isolated chloroplasts on solid support. Plant Physiol 84: 1249–1251

    Google Scholar 

  • Cerovic, ZG, Vucinic, Z and Walker, DA (1991) Photosynthetic oxygen evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence in intact isolated chloroplasts on solid support: The influence of orthophosphate. Planta 184: 248–253

    Google Scholar 

  • Chappelle, EW, Wood, FM, McMurtrey, JE and Newcomb, WW (1984) Laser-induced fluorescence of green plants. 1: A technique for the remote detection of plant stress and species differentiation. Applied Optics 23: 134–138

    Google Scholar 

  • Chappelle, EW, McMurtrey, JE, Kim, MS (1991) Identification of the pigment responsible for the blue fluorescence band in the laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra of green plants, and the potential use of the band in remotely estimating rates of photosynthesis. Remote Sens Environ 36: 213–218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Das, ML and Crane, FL (1961) Triphosphopyridine nucleotide in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 48: 594–596

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dietz, K-J and Heber, U (1984) Rate-limiting factors in leaf photosynthesis. I. Carbon fluxes in the Calvin cycle. Biochim Biophys Acta 767: 432–443

    Google Scholar 

  • Duysens, LNM and Amesz, J (1957) Fluorescence spectrometry of reduced phosphopyridine nucleotide in intact cells in the near-ultraviolet and visible region. Biochim Biophys Acta 24: 19–26

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Duysens, LNM and Kronenberg, GHM (1957) The fluorescence spectrum of the complex of reduced phosphopyridine nucleotide and alcohol dehydrogenase from yeast. Biochim Biophys Acta 26: 437–438

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duysens, LNM and Sweep, G (1957) Fluorescence spectrometry of pyridine nucleotide in photosynthesizing cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 25: 13–16

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, G and Walker, DA (1983) C3, C4: Mechanisms, and Cellular and Environmental Regulation, of Photosynthesis. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Eng, J, Lynch, RM and Balaban, RS (1989) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging of isolated cardiac myocytes. Biophys J 55: 621–630

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Falkowski, PG, Wyman, K, Ley, AC and Mauzerall, DC (1986) Relationship of steady-state photosynthesis to fluorescence in eucaryotic algae. Biochim Biophys Acta 849: 183–192

    Google Scholar 

  • Foyer, CH, Lelandais, M and Harbinson, J (1992) Control of the quantum efficiencies of Photosystem I and II, electron flow, and enzyme activation following dark-to-light transitions in pea leaves. Relationship between NADP/NADPH ratios and NADP-malate dehydrogenase activation state. Plant Physiol 99: 979–986

    Google Scholar 

  • Goulas, Y, Moya, I and Schmuck, G (1990) Time-resolved spectroscopy of the blue fluorescence of spinach leaves. Photosynth Res 25: 299–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Govindjee, Amesz J and Fork, DC (1986) Light Emission by Plants and Bacteria. Academic Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Hampp, R, Goller, M and Fullgraf, H (1984) Determination of compartmented metabolite pools by a combination of rapid fractionation of oat mesophyll protoplasts and enzymic cycling. Plant Physiol 75: 1017–1021

    Google Scholar 

  • Harbinson, J and Woodward, FI (1987) The use of lightinduced absorbance changes at 820 nm to monitor the oxidation state of P-700 in leaves. Plant Cell Environ 10: 131–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Harvey, RA, Heron, JI and Plaut, GWE (1972) Regulation of diphosphopyridine nucleotide-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase from bovine heart. J Biol Chem 247: 1801–1808

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heber, U (1969) Conformational changes of chloroplasts induced by illumination of leaves in vivo. Biochim Biophys Acta 180: 302–319

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heber, UW and Santarius, KA (1965) Compartmentation and reduction of pyridine nucleotides in relation to photosynthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta 109: 390–408

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heber, U, Takahama, U, Neimanis, S and Shimizu-Takahama, M (1982) Transport as the basis of the Kok effect. Levels of some photosynthetic intermediates and activation of light-regulated enzymes during photosynthesis of chloroplasts and green leaf protoplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 679: 287–299

    Google Scholar 

  • Heineke, D, Riens, B, Gross, H, Hoferichter, P, Peter, U, Flugge, U-I and Heldt, HW (1991) Redox transfer across the inner chloroplast envelope membrane. Plant Physiol 95: 1131–1137

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, HH and Brown, KS (1986) Laser and sunlight-induced fluorescence from chlorophyll pigments. In: Proceedings of IGARSS '86 Symposium, Zurich, 8–11 September 1986, pp 1599–1601. ESA Publications Division, Noordwijk

    Google Scholar 

  • Koretsky, AP and Balaban, RS (1987) Changes in pyridine nucleotide levels after oxygen consumption and extra-mitochondrial phosphates in isolated mitochondria: A 31P-NMR and NAD(P)H fluorescence study. Biochim Biophys Acta 893: 398–408

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krause, GH and Weis, E (1991) Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis: The basics. Ann Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 42: 313–349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krogmann, DW (1958) The pyridine nucleotide content of isolated chloroplasts. Arch Biochem Biophys 76: 75–77

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Laisk, A, Siebke, K, Gerst, U, Eichelmann, H, Oja, V and Heber, U (1991) Oscillations in photosynthesis are initiated and supported by imbalances in the supply of ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle. Planta 185: 554–562

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lang, M, Stober, F and Lichtenthaler, HK (1991) Fluorescence emission spectra of plant leaves and plant constituents. Rad Environ Biophys 30: 333–347

    Google Scholar 

  • Lendzian, K and Bassham, JA (1976) NADPH/NADP+ ratios in photosynthesizing reconstituted chloroplast. Biochim Biophys Acta 430: 478–489

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, JN (1981) Standards in Fluorescence Spectrometry. Techniques in Visible and Ultraviolet Spectrometry, Vol 2. Chapman and Hall, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Muto, S, Miyachi, S, Usada, H, Edwards, GE and Bassham, JA (1981) Light-induced conversion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate in higher plant leaves. Plant Physiol 68: 324–328

    Google Scholar 

  • Nuutinen, EM (1984) Subcellular origin of the surface fluorescence of reduced nicotinamide nucleotides in isolated perfused rat heart. Basic Res Cardiol 79: 49–58

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ogren, E and Baker, NR (1985) Evaluation of a technique for the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence from leaves exposed to continuous white light. Plant Cell Envion 8: 539–547

    Google Scholar 

  • Olson, JM and Amesz, J (1960) Action spectra for fluorescence excitation of pyridine nucleotide in photosynthetic bacteria and algae. Biochim Biophys Acta 37: 14–24

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olson, JM, Duysens, LNM and Kronenberg, GHM (1959) Spectrofluorometry of pyridine nucleotide reactions in Chromatium. Biochim Biophys Acta 36: 125–131

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Quick, WP and Horton, P (1984) Studies on the induction of chlorophyll fluorescence in barley protoplasts. I. Factor affecting the observation of oscillations in yield of chlorophyll fluorescence and the rate of oxygen evolution. Proc R Soc Lond B 220: 361–370

    Google Scholar 

  • Rebeille, F and Hatch, MD (1986) Regulation of NADP-malate dehydrogenase in C4 plants: Relationship among enzyme activity, NADPH to NADP ratios, and thioredoxin redox states in intact maize mesophyll chloroplasts. Arch Biochem Biophys 249: 171–179

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber, U (1983) Chlorophyll fluorescence yield changes as a tool in plant physiology. 1. The measuring system. Photosynth Res 4: 361–373

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber, U, Klughammer, C and Neubauer, C (1988) Measuring P700 absorbance changes around 830 nm with a new type of pulse modulation system. Z Naturforsch 43c: 686–698

    Google Scholar 

  • Shin, M (1973) Complex formation by ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase with ferredoxin or NADP+. Biochim Biophys Acta 292: 13–19

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sivak, MN, Dietz, K-J, Heber, U and Walker, DA (1985) The relationship between light scattering and chlorophyll a fluorescence during oscillations in photosynthetic carbon assimilation. Arch Biochem Biophys 237: 513–519

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takahama, U, Shimizu-Takahama, M and Heber, U (1981) The redox state of the NADP system in illuminated chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 637: 530–539

    Google Scholar 

  • Tolmach, LJ (1951) Effects of triphosphopyridine nucleotide upon oxygen evolution and carbon dioxide fixation by illuminated chloroplast. Nature 167: 946–948

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Usuda, H (1988) Adenine nucleotide levels, the redox state of the NADP system, and assimilatory force in non-aqueously purified mesophyll chloroplasts from maize leaves under different light intensities. Plant Physiol 88: 1461–1468

    Google Scholar 

  • Vishniac, W and Ochoa, S (1951) Photochemical reduction of pyridine nucleotides by spinach grana and coupled carbon dioxide fixation. Nature 167: 768–769

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, DA, Cerovic, ZG and Robinson, SP (1986) Isolation of intact chloroplasts: General principles and criteria of integrity. Methods Enzymol 148: 145–157

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Cerovic, Z.G., Bergher, M., Goulas, Y. et al. Simultaneous measurement of changes in red and blue fluorescence in illuminated isolated chloroplasts and leaf pieces: The contribution of NADPH to the blue fluorescence signal. Photosynth Res 36, 193–204 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00033038

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00033038

Key words

Navigation