Skip to main content

Floating Jakarta: A Human Dimension

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
SeaCities

Abstract

This chapter highlights the potential for water-based development solutions as a new or less explored option for the sustainable and future-proof development of Jakarta. It begins with the overview of the problematical issue of urbanization combined with sea level rise threat in the city and is followed with assessment of the recent policies in Jakarta. We argue that sea urbanism to deal with the issue has been overlooked, particularly on floating strategy which advances urban development and life above the water. Therefore, we are interested to know community’s perception and attitude towards advancing above the water and this is likely the first study on the topic for Jakarta. We conducted a questionnaire survey involving 540 individuals from six districts in North Jakarta that are predicted to be inundated by 2050. It suggests while the majority of survey participants in the study area have a preference for conventional protective strategies, almost half of them are interested in innovative and transformational ones, such as advancing strategies. It indicates that people in Jakarta will likely not oppose the idea of advancing development on water. Finally, the chapter highlights the potential implementation and implications for advancing development on Jakarta’s water from a human dimension perspective.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Baumeister J (2020) Re-building coastal cities: 20 tactics to take advantage of sea-level rise. In: Baumeister J, Bertone E, Burton P (ed) SeaCities: urban tactics for sea-level rise. Springer Nature, pp 1–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Central Bureau of Statistic of Jakarta Province Government (2021) DKI Jakarta province in figure 2021. Jakarta

    Google Scholar 

  • Deltares (2015) Sinking cities: an integrated approach towards solutions. https://www.deltares.nl/app/uploads/2015/09/Sinking-cities.pdf

  • Dijk MPV (2016) Financing the national capital integrated coastal development (NCICD) project in Jakarta (Indonesia) with the private sector. Journal of Coastal Zone Management 19(5):435

    Google Scholar 

  • Elmanisa AM, Kartiva AA, Fernando A, Arianto R, Winarso H, Zulkaidi D (2017) Land price and price ampping of Jabodetabek, Indonesia. Geoplan J Geomat Plan 4:53–62

    Google Scholar 

  • Esteban M, Takagi H, Mikami T, Aprilia A, Fujii D, Kurobe S, Utama NA (2017) Awareness of coastal floods in impoverished subsiding coastal communities in Jakarta: tsunamis, typhoon storm surges and dyke-induced tsunamis. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct 23:70–79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garschagen M, Surtiari GAK, Harb M (2018) Is Jakarta’s new flood risk reduction strategy transformational? Sustainability 10:2934

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • IPCC (2021) 6th assessment report of the IPCC: the physical science basis summary for policymakers. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/

  • Jakarta Province Government (2010) Jakarta spatial planning 2030. Jakarta

    Google Scholar 

  • Jakarta Province Government (2021) Jakarta low carbon development policy 2045. Jakarta

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimmelman M (2017) Jakarta is sinking so fast, it could end up underwater. The New York Times, December 21. Accessed 28 June 2022

    Google Scholar 

  • Koagouw W, Arifin Z, Oliver GWJ, Ciocan C (2021) High concentrations of paracetamol in effluent dominated waters of Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Mar Poll Bull 169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112558

  • Kooy M, Walter CT, Prabaharyaka I (2018) Inclusive development of urban water services in Jakarta: the role of groundwater. Habitat Int 73:109–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kunzmann A et al (2022) Impact of megacities on the pollution of coastal areas—the case example Jakarta Bay. Sci Prot Indones Coast Ecosyst 285–346

    Google Scholar 

  • Martinez R, Masron IN (2020) Jakarta: a city of cities. Cities 106:102868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102868

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Octavianti T, Charles K (2018) Disaster capitalism? examining the politicisation of land subsidence crisis in pushing Jakarta’s seawall megaproject. Water Altern 11(2):394–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogie RI, Dunn S, Holderness T, Turpin E (2017) Assessing the vulnerability of pumping stations to trash blockage in coastal mega-cities of developing nations. Sustain Cities Soc 28:53–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Santoso M et al (2020) Long term characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter and compositions in Jakarta, Indonesia. Atmos Pollut Res 11:2215–2225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Setiadi R, Baumeister J, Burton P, Nalau J (2020) Extending urban development on water: Jakarta case study. Environ Urban ASIA 11(2):247–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Slobbe EV, De Vriend HJ, Aarninkhof S, Lulofs K, De Vries M, Dircke P (2013) Building with nature: in search of resilient storm surge protection strategies. Nat Hazards 65:947–966

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suroso DSA, Firman T (2017) The role of spatial planning in reducing exposure towards impacts of global sea level rise case study: northern coast of Java, Indonesia. Ocean Coast Manag 153:84–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takagi H, Esteban M, Mikami T, Fuiji D (2016) Projection of coastal floods in 2050 Jakarta. Urban Clim 17:135–145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takagi H, Daisuke F, Esteban M, Yi X (2017) Effectiveness and limitation of coastal dykes in Jakarta: the need for prioritizing actions against land subsidence. Sustainability 9(4):619

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • UN Habitat Global Urban Observatory (2014) Population density by city, 2014: the number of people per square km of land area for the world’s largest 100 cities. https://bit.ly/3oWlShv

  • Wade M (2019) Hyper-planning Jakarta: the great garuda and planning the global spectacle. Singap J Trop Geogr 40:158–172

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ward PJ, Marfai MA, Yulianto F, Hizbaron DR, Aerts JCJH (2011) Coastal inundation and damage exposure estimation: a case study for Jakarta. Nat Hazards 56:899–916

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • World Bank (2011). Jakarta: urban challenges in a changing climate. Mayor’s task force on climate change, disaster risks & the urban poor. https://bit.ly/3zTvDne

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rukuh Setiadi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Setiadi, R., Baumeister, J., Lo, A. (2023). Floating Jakarta: A Human Dimension. In: Baumeister, J., Giurgiu, I.C., Linaraki, D., Ottmann, D.A. (eds) SeaCities. Cities Research Series. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2481-3_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics