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Screening Methods for the Evaluation of Drugs for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

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Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology

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Abstract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) affects majority of the older male population. Lower urinary tract symptoms are commonly seen in patients suffering from BPH. The pathophysiology of the BPH is indefinite and ageing, hormonal imbalance, epithelial -mesenchymal interactions play role in the evolution of BPH. Pharmacologically BPH is treated with alpha 1a adrenergic antagonists acts on the dynamic component and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors act on the static component of the BPH. Different invitro, invivo, exvivo, transgenic, xenograft and spontaneous BPH screening models are developed to study the pathophysiological insights of the BPH and to develop novel drug molecules for the treatment of BPH. WPMY-1, NRP152 and NRP-154 human prostatic cell lines are used for invitro screening. Testosterone and sulpiride induces BPH in rats, hemorrhagic cystitis by cyclophosphamide, partial ligation of urethra of the bladder in rats and intraprostatic injection in mongrel dogs are used as invivo models. Isolated prostate gland, detrusor muscle and urethral contractility studies are used for exvivo screening. Transgenic BPH models are developed by transfection using probacin prolactin, murine mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-Int2 and MMTV-keratinocyte growth factor genes. Human BPH specimen are implanted in immunocompromised rats and mice are used as xenograft models. Naturally occurring BPH in old dogs is referred as spontaneous BPH model.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India

    S. C. Santosh Kumar

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  1. S. C. Santosh Kumar
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Thanjavur Medical College, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India

    Mageshwaran Lakshmanan

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, Pondicherry, India

    Deepak Gopal Shewade

  3. Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Gerard Marshall Raj

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Santosh Kumar, S.C. (2022). Screening Methods for the Evaluation of Drugs for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. In: Lakshmanan, M., Shewade, D.G., Raj, G.M. (eds) Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5343-9_45

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5343-9_45

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  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-5343-9

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