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Breeding Strategies for Developing Disease-Resistant Wheat: Present, Past, and Future

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Cereal Diseases: Nanobiotechnological Approaches for Diagnosis and Management

Abstract

Since its origin in Southeast Turkey, wheat (Triticum aestivum L. AABBDD; Family Poaceae) has been a prime dietary cultivated cereal that is consumed worldwide by nearly 20% of the world population. However, there are a wide plethora of biological variables that seriously threaten production around the world. Among the biological stresses, phytopathogens are considered the most serious threat to yield. This can be further elaborated by the fact that since the nineteenth century, more than 30 diseases have been reported to have had a drastic impact as epidemics, including karnal bunt, smut, mildew, blight, rust, etc. So far, in response, various landraces and several wild-related genera (such as Thinopyrum, Triticum, Hordeum, Aegilopsis, Elymus, and Leymus) represent the different gene pools that have been utilized in developing disease-resistant varieties. With the emergence of advanced molecular markers, whole genome sequences, and new genomic approaches, there are multiple ways and tools for researchers to enhance durability and wide-range disease resistance in a short period. The present documentation of trait introgression offers an effective option to narrow down the cost of unsustainable fungicides. Therefore, the current chapter is an attempt to incorporate various successful reports regarding the development of more resistant wheat cultivars using new breeding strategies.

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Abbreviations

AgRenSeq:

Associated genetics R gene enrichment sequencing

Cas9:

CRISPR-associated protein 9

CRISPR:

Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats

dsRNA:

Double-stranded RNA

EMS:

Ethyl methanesulfonate

FHB:

Fusarium head blight

GE:

Genome editing

GWAS:

Genome-wide association sequences

LRR:

Leucine-rich repeat proteins

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

miRNA:

MicroRNA

MNs:

Meganucleases

MutChromSeq:

Mutant chromosome sequencing

NBS:

Nucleotide-binding site

NLR:

Nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat

PGT:

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici

PST:

Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici

PT:

Puccinia triticina

QTL:

Quantitative trait locus

R gene:

Resistance gene

siRNA:

Small interfering RNAs

SSNs:

Sequence-specific nucleases

TACCA:

Targeted chromosome-based cloning via long-range assembly

TAL:

Transcription-activator-like

TALENs:

Transcription activator-like effector nucleases

ZFNs:

Zinc-finger nucleases

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India

    Anuj Choudhary, Antul Kumar & Harmanjot Kaur

  2. Department of Botany, Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Vimal Pandey

  3. National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India

    Baljinder Singh

  4. School of Agricultural Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana, India

    Sahil Mehta

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  1. Anuj Choudhary
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  2. Antul Kumar
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  3. Harmanjot Kaur
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  4. Vimal Pandey
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  5. Baljinder Singh
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  6. Sahil Mehta
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  1. Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt

    Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam

  2. Biological and Geological Science Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    Heba I. Mohamed

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Choudhary, A., Kumar, A., Kaur, H., Pandey, V., Singh, B., Mehta, S. (2022). Breeding Strategies for Developing Disease-Resistant Wheat: Present, Past, and Future. In: Abd-Elsalam, K.A., Mohamed, H.I. (eds) Cereal Diseases: Nanobiotechnological Approaches for Diagnosis and Management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3120-8_8

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