Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), an aggressive neuroendocrine tumor characterized by enhanced proliferation rate and rapid early metastasis with low recovery rate, accounts for 15% of total lung cancer cases. Major risk factor for SCLC is tobacco smoking. Most of the patients were diagnosed at metastatic stage, and only one third in early stage of disease are amenable for curative multimodal therapy because of absence of precise symptoms and enhanced proliferation rate with metastatic nature. SCLC genomic analysis indicates prevalent rearrangements in chromosome with extensive mutation. Genomic analysis of SCLC revealed extensive chromosomal rearrangements and enhanced mutation rate leading to substantial intratumoral heterogeneity which limits the efficiency of therapy and relapse of tumor due to development of therapeutic resistance. Unraveling the mechanism of pathogenesis such as initiation, progression, and metastasis of SCLC is essential to identify the novel vulnerabilities amenable for targeted therapeutic approaches. Construction of several animal models such as chemical induction models, patient-derived xenotransplantation, gene programming harboring mutations associated with SCLC not only facilitated to unravel the biological pathways responsible for incidence and prognosis of SCLC, but also to explore the anticancer drugs and gene therapy. This chapter focuses on several animal models depicting the characteristic features of SCLC, combined with latest progress and future research of animal model used for SCLC.
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Acknowledgments
Dr. N. Suganthy thanks the RUSA-Phase 2.0 grant (No. F. 24-51/2014-U, Policy (TN Multi-Gen), Dept. of Edn. Govt.of India, (Dated: 09.10.2018) for the financial support in general
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Natarajan, S. (2022). Animal Models for Small Cell Lung Cancer Research: Current Status and Future Perspectives. In: Pathak, S., Banerjee, A., Bisgin, A. (eds) Handbook of Animal Models and its Uses in Cancer Research. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1282-5_60-1
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