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MicroRNAs and Cancer Signaling Pathways

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Role of MicroRNAs in Cancers

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Abstract

Cancer is a condition where cells have gained the capability, generally due to genetic abnormalities in certain genes, of uncontrolled divisions and growth. This complex disease is dysregulated at many levels in different pathways. These pathways are closely linked with different stages of cancer. Cancer pathways comprises a series of actions between molecules in a cell that leads to a product or a change in a cell that can trigger the assembly of new molecules or turn genes on and off or spur a cell to change. Finding the genes, proteins, and other molecules involved in a pathway can offer clues on what goes wrong when a disease strikes. MiRNAs, the regulating molecules, are downregulated or upregulated in different cancers and pathways for the control and transition of cancer into various stages. MiRNAs are involved in transcriptional and translational repression as well as cleavage of mRNAs. This subtle involvement of miRNAs in cancer along with different pathways renders this disease challenging to comprehend. Understanding of the role of miRNA helps uncover novel therapeutic target to treat cancer by helping to know the causes of treatment failure. Identifying the molecular basis of cancer signifies a major breakthrough in the history of medicine, affecting the discipline from pattern recognition and beneficial approaches based on molecular mechanisms. The focus of this chapter is on exemplifying mechanistically how the miRNA pathway is involved, or affected by, cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College for Women, Koti, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    K. Sri Manjari

  2. Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Srilekha Avvari

  3. Department of Clinical Laboratory of Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Imran Ali Khan

  4. Department of Biochemistry, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

    DKV Prasad

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  1. K. Sri Manjari
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  2. Srilekha Avvari
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  3. Imran Ali Khan
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  4. DKV Prasad
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  1. Department of Biochemistry, NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

    DKV Prasad

  2. Biomedical Sciences Division, College of Community Health Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA

    Pinninti Santosh Sushma

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Manjari, K.S., Avvari, S., Khan, I.A., Prasad, D. (2022). MicroRNAs and Cancer Signaling Pathways. In: Prasad, D., Santosh Sushma, P. (eds) Role of MicroRNAs in Cancers. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9186-7_2

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