Abstract
Hypospadias is the most common congenital anomalies of the male external genitalia. Management depends upon penile length, location and size of the external urethral meatus, hooded prepuce, quality of glans and urethral plate, the severity of ventral curvature or glans tilt, quality of skin proximal to the meatus, degree of associated spongiosal hypoplasia, penile deviation (rotation), and scrotal transposition. The surgery principle is almost similar for all cases regardless of the technique chosen. These are orthoplasty, urethroplasty including glanuloplasty and meatoplasty, vascularized coverage over neo-urethra and circumcision or prepucioplasty. Various surgical techniques have been described for mid and distal hypospadias. The success depends on the appropriate preoperative assessment of the degree of chordee, quality of the urethral plate, location of the meatus and selection of proper surgical technique with surgeon experience.
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Kumar, U., Singh, V., Bhat, A. (2022). Management of Distal and Mid-Penile Hypospadias. In: Bhat, A. (eds) Hypospadiology . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8395-4_7
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