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Medicinal Plants: A Perspective on Their Application in the African Smallholder Aquaculture Farms

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Book cover Food Security for African Smallholder Farmers

Part of the book series: Sustainability Sciences in Asia and Africa ((SAFS))

Abstract

This chapter reviews the role of medicinal plants as growth enhancers, immunostimulants, disease-controlling agents, anaesthetics, and sex reversal agents in aquaculture and perspectives on their application in African aquaculture smallholder farms. The statement that aquaculture is one of the significant contributors to global food security is unquestionable. However, increased intensification of this sector compromises its sustainability as some of the challenges such as increased fish stress, disease outbreaks, poor fish growth, and feed quality affect its performance. Therefore, effort has been made for the fish farmers to take advantage of the benefits associated with intensive aquaculture systems. Among the remedies, medicinal plants are believed to be one of the best innovations with the potential to contribute to a sustainable aquaculture sectors as they can be used as growth promoters, feed utilization enhancers, immunostimulants, anti-depressants, anaesthetics, sex reversal agents, antimicrobial agents, among others. Since they are usually cheap, readily available across the world, more biodegradable, and simple to use compared to pharmaceutical drugs, they are more appropriate for smallholder aquaculture farmers in Africa. However, for the African smallholder aquaculture farmers to take advantage of the benefits associated with medicinal herbs, more studies are needed to validate and optimize the effects of numerous herbs on African aquaculture species.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Namibia, Hentiesbaai, Namibia

    Ndakalimwe Naftal Gabriel & Johannes A. Iitembu

  2. National Aquaculture Research and Development Centre, Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Kitwe, Zambia

    Oliver Jolezya Hasimuna

  3. Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR), Lilongwe, Malawi

    Oliver Jolezya Hasimuna

  4. Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

    Ghasem Rashidian

  5. Aquaculture Research Unit, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Limpopo, Aquaculture Research and Development, Department of Fisheries, Forestry and Environment, Cape Town, South Africa

    Esau Matthews Mbokane

  6. Aquaculture Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga, South Africa

    Ngonidzashe Adreck Gukuta Moyo

  7. Water Research Commission, Pretoria, Gezina, South Africa

    Samkelisiwe Nosipho Hlophe-Ginindza

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  1. SANUMARC, University of Namibia, Henties Bay, Namibia

    Hupenyu Allan Mupambwa

  2. Agricultural Research Council—Natural Resources & Engineering, Pretoria, South Africa

    Adornis Dakarai Nciizah

  3. Risk and Vulnerability Science Centre (RAVAC), University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, South Africa

    Patrick Nyambo

  4. Graduate School of Business Leadership, University of South Africa, Midrandx, South Africa

    Binganidzo Muchara

  5. Department of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Namibia, Hentiesbaai, Namibia

    Ndakalimwe Naftal Gabriel

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Gabriel, N.N. et al. (2022). Medicinal Plants: A Perspective on Their Application in the African Smallholder Aquaculture Farms. In: Mupambwa, H.A., Nciizah, A.D., Nyambo, P., Muchara, B., Gabriel, N.N. (eds) Food Security for African Smallholder Farmers. Sustainability Sciences in Asia and Africa(). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6771-8_12

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