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Viral Conjunctivitis

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Infections of the Cornea and Conjunctiva

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Abstract

Viral conjunctivitis (“pink eye”) is by far the most common form of conjunctival infection. Though classically associated with human adenoviruses, picornaviruses, and herpesviruses, the viral etiologies of conjunctivitis are far more diverse than is commonly appreciated. Human coronaviruses, influenza viruses, poxviruses, and retroviruses are only a few of the many virus families that can establish conjunctival infection. In most cases, viral conjunctivitis is a self-limiting disease characterized by nonspecific eye irritation, injection, chemosis, and increased lacrimation. However, long-term visual complications can occur when conjunctivitis is accompanied by involvement of other ocular structures—including the cornea, uveal tract, and retina—which can be easily overlooked on cursory examination. A significant minority of patients will also experience viral conjunctivitis as only one of the many clinical features associated with systemic infection. Understanding the epidemiology, natural history, and distinct patterns of clinical presentation of each viral etiology is therefore essential for correct diagnosis and management. This chapter offers a comprehensive overview of the viruses and clinical syndromes associated with conjunctival infections, which remain an important but underacknowledged cause of ocular morbidity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Infectious Disease Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Lawson Ung, Jaya Rajaiya & James Chodosh

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  1. Lawson Ung
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  2. Jaya Rajaiya
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  1. Cornea and Anterior Segment Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Sujata Das

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Vishal Jhanji

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Ung, L., Rajaiya, J., Chodosh, J. (2021). Viral Conjunctivitis. In: Das, S., Jhanji, V. (eds) Infections of the Cornea and Conjunctiva. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8811-2_2

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