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Phosphorylation: A Fast Switch For Checkpoint Signaling

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Regulation of Cancer Immune Checkpoints

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1248))

Abstract

Checkpoint signaling involves a variety of upstream and downstream factors that participate in the regulation of checkpoint expression, activation, and degradation. During the process, phosphorylation plays a critical role. Phosphorylation is one of the most well-documented post-translational modifications of proteins. Of note, the importance of phosphorylation has been emphasized in aspects of cell activities, including proliferation, metabolism, and differentiation. Here we summarize how phosphorylation of specific molecules affects the immune activities with preference in tumor immunity. Of course, immune checkpoints are given extra attention in this book. There are many common pathways that are involved in signaling of different checkpoints. Some of them are integrated and presented as common activities in the early part of this chapter, especially those associated with PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4, because investigations concerning them are particularly abundant and variant. Their distinct regulation is supplementarily discussed in their respective section. As for checkpoints that are so far not well explored, their related phosphorylation modulations are listed separately in the later part. We hope to provide a clear and systematic view of the phosphorylation-modulated immune signaling.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Yiting Wang

  2. Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China

    Ping Wang

  3. Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Jie Xu

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  1. Yiting Wang
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  2. Ping Wang
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  3. Jie Xu
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Correspondence to Jie Xu .

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  1. Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Jie Xu

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Wang, Y., Wang, P., Xu, J. (2020). Phosphorylation: A Fast Switch For Checkpoint Signaling. In: Xu, J. (eds) Regulation of Cancer Immune Checkpoints. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1248. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3266-5_15

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