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Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: A Model for Aberrant Self-consciousness

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Self, Culture and Consciousness

Abstract

Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are a typical feature of schizophrenia, a psychiatric disorder characterised by impaired ties with reality. Two major theories that attempt to explain the neurobiology of hallucinations involve the bottom-up theory (relating to impairment in auditory processing) and the top-down theory (relating to an impairment in internal monitoring). Self-agency, a sense of ownership of one’s actions, is hypothesised to be impaired in schizophrenia in accordance with the “top-down” perspective. Using advanced neuroimaging methods like functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), one can probe the underlying mechanism of self-agency and its possible failure in patients experiencing AVH. This will not only shed light on the neurobiology of schizophrenia and AVH, but also generate insight into the neural correlates of self. In this chapter, we discuss self-agency and its possible failure in patients with schizophrenia experiencing AVH. We review various fMRI studies that have been employed to study AVH and discuss methodological considerations which one needs to keep in mind when devising such experiments. Finally, we introduce a novel fMRI paradigm—hallucination attention modulation task (HAMT) to study the neural correlates of AVH and discuss some preliminary results from our pilot study which link AVH to an underlying disorder of self-agency.

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Author notes

  1. Harsha N. Halahalli

    Present address: Department of Physiology, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, 575018, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Multimodal Brain Image Analysis Laboratory (MBIAL), National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India

    John P. John, Pravesh Parekh & Harsha N. Halahalli

  2. Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India

    John P. John & Pravesh Parekh

  3. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India

    John P. John

  4. Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India

    Harsha N. Halahalli & Bindu M. Kutty

  5. NIAS Consciousness Studies Programme, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bengaluru, 560012, India

    John P. John & Bindu M. Kutty

  6. NIAS Consciousness Studies Programme, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bengaluru, 560012, India

    Sangeetha Menon

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Correspondence to John P. John .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. NIAS Consciousness Studies Programme, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    Sangeetha Menon

  2. NIAS Consciousness Studies Programme, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    Nithin Nagaraj

  3. National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    V. V. Binoy

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John, J.P., Parekh, P., Halahalli, H.N., Menon, S., Kutty, B.M. (2017). Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: A Model for Aberrant Self-consciousness. In: Menon, S., Nagaraj, N., Binoy, V. (eds) Self, Culture and Consciousness. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5777-9_8

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