Abstract
Experimental observations suggesting inhomogeneity in the layered cuprates have been reported since shortly after the discovery of superconductivity in these materials [1]. There are at least two forms of inhomogeneity that have, by now, been fairly well established. One involves the phase separation of oxygen interstitials in La2CuO4+δ . The interstitials are mobile near room temperature, giving a homogeneous phase, while cooling to lower temperatures can lead to segregation into phases with distinct oxygen concentrations. Early work focussed on samples with δ < 0.05, in which case the two phases present at low temperature are the nearly-stoichiometric an-tiferromagnet (described in Chapter 4) and an oxygen-rich superconducting phase. For larger δ, multiple superconducting phases have been discovered, with the T c varying with δ. It has also been shown that, within a particular oxygen-rich phase, the interstitials order in a layered fashion. Neutron diffraction has played a crucial role in establishing the nature of phase separation and order in La2CuO4+δ , and that work is the subject of the first half of this chapter.
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Tranquada, J.M. (1998). Phase Separation, Charge Segregation, and Superconductivity in Layered Cuprates. In: Furrer, A. (eds) Neutron Scattering in Layered Copper-Oxide Superconductors. Physics and Chemistry of Materials with Low-Dimensional Structures, vol 20. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-1284-8_6
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