Skip to main content

Somatic embryogenesis in Camellia spp.

  • Chapter
Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants

Part of the book series: Forestry Sciences ((FOSC,volume 44-46))

Abstract

Camellia (Theales, Theaceae) is a genus of tropical or subtropical trees and shrubs native to Eastern Asia. Its antiquity has been confirmed by fossils belonging to the Cretaceous period of the Secondary Era. The genus name was created by Linnaeus in the honour of the Jesuit missionary G.J. Kamel,who first recommended to grow the “Japanese rose” in Europe. In his Systerna Naturae of 1735, Linnaeus gave the name Camellia tsubaki to the plant indegenous to Japan as the tsubaki and it only acquired its present systematic name, Camellia japonica, in his Species Plantarum, in which he also described the tea plant, C. sinensis, under the name Thea sinensis. The systematics of the genus have since varied as the number of known members has increased; in particular, Chang and Bartolomew (1984) have carried out a major revision, grouping some 200 recognized species in four subgenera and twenty sections.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abraham, G.C. and K. Raman, 1986. Somatic embryogenesis in tissue culture of immature cotyledons of tea (Camellia spp.). In: D.A. Somers, B.G. Gengenbach, D.D. Biesboer, W.P.Hackett and C.E. Green (Eds.), Abstr. 6th Int. Congr. of Plant Tissue and Cell Culture, pp.294. Univ. Minnesota, Minneapolis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ammirato, P.V., 1985. Patterns of development in culture. In: R.R. Henke, K.W. Hughes,M.P. Constantin and A. Hollaender (Eds.), Tissue Culture in Forestry and Agriculture, pp.9–29. Plenum Press Corporation, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, W.C., 1984. A revised tissue culture medium for shoot multiplication of Rhododendron. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 109: 343–347.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bano, Z., S. Rajarathnam and B.D. Mohanty, 1991. Somatic embryogenesis in cotyledon cultures of tea (Thea sinensis L.). J. Hort. Sci. 66: 465–470.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barciela, J. and A.M. Vieitez, 1993. Anatomical sequence and morphometric analysis during somatic embryogenesis on cultured cotyledon explants of Camellia japonica L. Ann. Bot. 71:395–404.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, W.Y., 1977. Tissue culture for Camellias? Am. Camellia Yearb.: 188–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, W.Y., 1978. Tissue culture for Camellias II. Am. Camellia Yearb.: 102–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, W.Y. and P. Scheibert, 1982. In vitro generation of callus and plantlets from cotyledons of Camellia japonica. Camellia J. 37: 12–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhojwani, S.S. and M.K. Razdan, 1983. Plant Tissue Culture: Theory and Practice. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang, H.T. and B. Bartolomew, 1984. Camellias. B.T. Badsfort Ltd., London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Z. and H. Liao, 1983. A success in bringing out tea plants from the anthers. China Tea 5: 6–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Z. and H. Liao, 1990. Tea: Anther culture. In: Z. Chen, D.A. Evans, W.R. Sharp, P.V.Ammirato and M.R. Sondhal (Eds.), Handbook of Plant Cell Culture, Vol. 6, Perennial Crops, pp. 475–479. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Das, S.C., 1992. Non-conventional techniques of regenerating polyploids in tea. Proc. 31st Tocklai Conf., TRA, Jorhat, pp. 26–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Das, S.C. and T.S. Barman, 1988. Current state and future potential of tissue culture in tea.Proc. 30th Tocklai Conf., TRA, Jorhat, pp. 90–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Das, S.C. and T.S. Barman, 1992. Tea shoot regeneration from embryo callus. In: N.S. Subba Rao, C. Balagopalan and S.V. Ramakrishna (Eds.), New Trends in Biotechnology, pp. 81–86. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi/Bombay.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deng, M-D. and D. Cornu, 1992. Maturation and germination of walnut somatic embryos.Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 28: 195–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duhem, K., N. Le Mercier and P. Boxus, 1989. Donnés nouvelles sur l‘induction et le développement d’embryons somatiques chez Theobroma cacao L. Café Cacao Thé 33: 9–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • El Maâtaoui, M., H. Espagnac and N. Michaux-Ferrière, 1990. Histology of callogenesis and somatic embryogenesis induced in stem fragments of cork oak (Quercus suber) cultured in vitro. Ann. Bot. 66: 183–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, D.A. and W.R. Sharp, 1986. Somaclonal and gametoclonal variation. In: D.A. Evans,W.R. Sharp and P.V. Ammirato (Eds.), Handbook of Plant Cell Culture, Vol. 4: Techniques and Applications, pp. 97–132. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiola, J.A., M.A. Hassan, H.J. Swartz, R.H. Bors and R. McNicols, 1990. Effect of thidiazuron,light fluence rates and kanamycin on in vitro shoot organogenesis from excised Rubus cotyledons and leaves. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 20: 223–228.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flinn, B.S., D.T. Webb and W. Newcomb, 1989. Morphometric analysis of reserve substances and ultrastructural changes during caulogenic determination and loss of competence of Eastern White pine (Pinus strobus) cotyledons in vitro. Can. J. Bot. 67: 779–789.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gamborg, O.L., R.A. Miller and K. Ojima, 1968. Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Exp. Cell. Res. 50: 151–158.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gingas, V.M. and R.D. Lineberger, 1989. Asexual embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Quercus. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 17: 191–203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Groose, R.W. and E.T.Bingham, 1984.Variation in plants regenerated from tissue culture of tetraploid alfalfa heterozygous for several traits. Crop Sci. 24: 655–658.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoagland, D.R. and D.I. Arnon, 1950. The water culture method for growing plants without soil. Cal. Agri. Exp. Stn. Circ. Berkeley 347: 1–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jain, S.M. and R.J. Newton, 1990. Prospects of biotechnology for tea improvement. Proc.Indian Natn. Sci. Acad. B56: 441–448.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jain, S.M., S.C. Das and T.S. Barman, 1990. Enhancement of root induction from regenerated shoots of tea (Camellia sinensis L.). In: Abstr. VIIth Int. Congr. Plant Tissue and Cell Culture, Amsterdam, June 24–29, p. 107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jain, S.M., S.C. Das and T.S. Barman, 1991. Induction of roots from regenerated shoots of tea (Camellia sinensis L.). Acta Hort. 289: 339–340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jha, T.B., S. Jha and S.K. Sen, 1992. Somatic embryogenesis from immature cotyledons of an elite Darjeeling tea clone. Plant Sci. 84: 209–213.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kato, M., 1982. Results of organ culture on Camellia japonica and C. sinensis. Jpn. J. Breed.32 (Suppl. 2): 267–277.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kato, M., 1986a. Micropropagation through cotyledon culture in Camellia japonica L. and C.sinensis L. Jpn. J. Breed. 36: 31–38.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kato, M., 1986b. Micropropagation through cotyledon culture in Camellia sasanqua. Jpn. J.Breed. 36 (Suppl. 1): 82–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kato, M., 1989a. Camellia sinensis L. (Tea): In vitro regeneration. In: Y.P.S. Bajaj (Ed.),Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, Vol. 7: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants II, pp.82–89. Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kato, M., 1989b. Polyploids of camellia through culture of somatic embryos. HortSci. 24: 1023–1025.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klee, H., R. Horsch and S. Rogers, 1987. Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation and its further applications to plant biology. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 38: 467–486.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Le Page-Degivry, M.T., P. Barthe and G. Garello, 1990. Involvement of endogenous abscisic acid in onset and release of Helianthus annuus embryo dormancy. Plant Physiol. 92: 1164–1168.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Linnaeus, C., 1735. Sistema Naturae. Leiden.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd, G. and B.H. McCown, 1980. Commercially-feasible micropropagation of mountain laurel, Kalmia latifolia, by use of shoot tip culture. Proc. Int. Plant Prop. Soc. 30: 421–427.

    Google Scholar 

  • Margara, J., 1982. Bases de la multiplication vegetative. Les méristèmes et l’organogenèse.Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merkle, S.A. and A.T. Wiecko, 1989. Regeneration of Robinia pseudoacacia via somatic embryogenesis. Can. J. For. Res. 19: 285–288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muralidharan, E.M., P.K. Gupta and A.F. Mascarenhas, 1989. Plantlet production through high frequency somatic embryogenesis in long term cultures of Eucalyptus citriodora. Plant Cell Rep. 8: 41–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murashige, T. and F. Skoog, 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473–497.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nadamitsu, S., Y. Andoh, K. Kondo and M. Segawa, 1986. Interspecific hybrids between Camellia vietnamensis and C. chrysantha by cotyledon culture. Jpn. J. Breed. 36: 309–313.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, Y., 1988. Efficient differentiation of adventitious embryos from cotyledon culture of Camellia sinensis and other Camellia species. Tea Res. J. 67: 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, Y.,1991. In vitro propagation techniques of tea plants. Jpn. Agric. Res. Q. 25: 185–194.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nito, N. and M. Iwamasa, 1990. In vitro plantlet formation from juice vesicles of satsuma (Citrus unshiu Marc). Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 20: 137–140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park, Y.G. and S.H. Son, 1988. In vitro organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis from punctured leaf of Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 15: 95–105.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patel, K.R. and T.A. Thorpe, 1984. Histochemical examination of shoot initiation in cultured cotyledon explants of radiata pine. Bot. Gaz. 145: 312–322.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Plata, E., 1993. Morfogénesis in vitro de Camellia reticulata: Procesos de embriogénesis somática y regeneración de plantas. Doctoral Thesis, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plata, E. and A.M. Vieitez, 1990. In vitro regeneration of Camellia reticulata by somatic embryogenesis. J. Hort. Sci. 65: 707–714.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plata, E., A. Ballester and A.M. Vieitez, 1991. An anatomical study of secondary embryogenesis in Camellia reticulata. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 27P: 183–189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Radojevic, L., 1988. Plant regeneration of Aesculus hippocastanum L. (horse-chestnut) through somatic embryogenesis. J. Plant Physiol. 132: 322–326.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raina, S.K. and R.D. Iyer, 1974. A study of response to anther culture. Indian J. Genet. 34A:283.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raina, S.K. and R.D. Iyer, 1983. J. Plantation Crops, C.S. Venkata Ram Commen 11 (Suppl.):63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raj Bhansali, R., 1990. Somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of plantlets in pomegranate.Ann. Bot. 66: 249–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rugini, E., 1988. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in olive (Olea europea L.).Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 14: 207–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samartín, A., A.M. Vieitez and E. Vieitez, 1986. Rooting of tissue cultured camellias. J. Hort.Sci. 61: 113–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Samartín, M.C. and A.P. Samartín, 1988. La Camelia. Un Regalo Oriental para Occidente.Editorial Everest, S.A., Leon.

    Google Scholar 

  • San-José, M.C. and A.M. Vieitez, 1993. Regeneration of Camellia plantlets from leaf explant cultures by embryogenesis and caulogenesis. Sci. Hort. 54: 303–315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharp, W.R., M.R. Sondhal, R.S. Caldas and S.B. Maraffa, 1980. The physiology of in vitro asexual embryogenesis. Hort. Rev. 2: 268–310.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shimokado, T., T. Murata and Y. Miyaji, 1986. Formation of embryoid by anther culture of tea. Jpn. J. Breed. 36 (Suppl. 2): 282–283.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shizuoka Tea Experiment Station, 1992. Japanese Green Tea in Shizuoka. Kurofune Printing Co., Ltd., Shizuoka.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stamp, J.A., 1987. Somatic embryogenesis in cassava: The anatomy and morphology of the regeneration process. Ann. Bot. 59: 451–459.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stamp, J.A. and C.P. Meredith, 1988. Proliferative somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos of grapevine. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 113: 941–945.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tabachnik, L. and D.E. Kester, 1977. Shoot cultures for almond and almond-peach hybrid clones in vitro. HortSci. 12: 545–547.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thorpe, T.A., 1988. In vitro somatic embryogenesis. ISI Atlas of Sci.: Anim. Plant Sci. 1: 81–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tian-Ling, L., 1982. Regeneration of plantlets in cultures of immature cotyledons and young embryos of Camellia oleafera Abel. Acta Biol. Exp. Sin. 15: 393–403.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tulecke, W., 1987. Somatic embryogenesis in woody perennials. In: J.M. Bonga and D.J.Durzan (Eds), Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry. Vol. 2, pp. 61–69. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Tulecke, W. and G. McGranahan, 1985. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from cotyledons of walnut, Juglans regia L. Plant Sci. 40: 57–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vasil, I.K., 1985. Somatic embryogenesis and its consequence in Gramineae. In: R.H. Randol,K.W. Hughes, M.L. Constantin and H. Alexander (Eds.), Tissue Culture in Forestry and Agriculture, Vol. 32, pp. 41–47. Plenum Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vieitez, A.M. and J. Barciela, 1990. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from embryonic tissues of Camellia japonica L. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 21: 267–274.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vieitez, A.M., J. Barciela and A. Ballester, 1989a. Propagation of Camellia japonica cv. “Alba Plena” by tissue culture. J. Hort. Sci. 64: 177–182.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vieitez, A.M., M.C. San-José and A. Ballester, 1989b. Progress towards clonal propagation of Camellia japonica cv. “Alba Plena” by tissue culture techniques. J. Hort. Sci. 64: 605–610.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vieitez, A.M., M.C. San-José, F.J. Vieitez and A. Ballester, 1991. Somatic embryogenesis from roots of Camellia japonica plantlets cultured in vitro. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 116: 753–757.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vieitez, A.M., M.L. Vieitez, A. Ballester and E. Vieitez, 1992. Micropropagation of Camellia spp. In: Y.P.S. Bajaj (Ed.), Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, Vol. 19: High-Tech and Micropropagation III, pp. 361–387. Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wann, S.R., 1988. Somatic embryogenesis in woody species. Hort. Rev. 10: 153–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, E.G. and G. Maheswaran, 1986. Somatic embryogenesis: factors influencing coordinated behaviour of cells as an embryogenic group. Ann. Bot. 57: 443–462.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu, C.T., 1976. Studies on the tissue culture of tea plants. J. Agric. Assoc. China 90 (LII):30–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu, C.T., T.K. Huang, G.R. Chen and S.Y. Chen, 1981. A review on the tissue culture of tea plants and on the utilization of callus-derived plantlets. In: A.N. Rao (Ed.), Tissue Culture of Economically Important Plants, pp. 104–106. Proc. COSTED Symp., Singapore.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi, S., T. Kunitake and S. Hisatomi, 1987. Interspecific hybrid between Camellia japonica cv. Chochidori and C. chrysantha produced by embryo culture. Jpn. J. Breed. 37:203–206.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yan, M.Q. and C. Ping, 1983. Studies on development of embryoids from the culture cotyledons of Thea sinensis L. Sci. Silv. Sin. 19: 25–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yan, M.Q., C. Ping, M. Wei and Y.H. Wang, 1984. Tissue culture and transplanting of Camellia oleifera. Sci. Silvae Sin. 20: 341–350.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhuang, C. and H. Liang, 1985a. In vitro embryoid formation of Camellia reticulata L. Acta Biol. Exp. Sin. 18: 275–281.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhuang, C. and H. Liang, 1985b. Somatic embryogenesis and plantlets formation in cotyledon culture of Camellia chrysantha. Acta Bot. Yunn. 7: 446–450.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhuang, C., J. Duan and J. Zhou, 1988. Somatic embryogenesis and plantlets regeneration of Camellia sasanqua. Acta Bot. Yunn. 10: 241–244.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Vieitez, A.M. (1995). Somatic embryogenesis in Camellia spp.. In: Jain, S.M., Gupta, P.K., Newton, R.J. (eds) Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants. Forestry Sciences, vol 44-46. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0491-3_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0491-3_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4220-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-0491-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics