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Sustainability and Remediation

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Dealing with Contaminated Sites

Abstract

Sustainable remediation has come to exist as a popular term used to describe contaminated site management that is demonstrably sustainable, i.e. where some form of sustainability appraisal has been used in decision making to identify the “most sustainable” approach for any particular management intervention required. The “most sustainable” approach is one that, in the view of the stakeholders involved in making or considering management decisions, has the optimal balance of effects and benefits across the three elements of sustainability: environment, economy and society. This chapter describes how the Brundtland Report concept of sustainable development can be linked with contaminated site remediation practice, both how sustainability can be assessed and used as a tool in decision making; and also how sustainability thinking is creating new contaminated site remediation approaches, for example, marrying concepts of Risk Management and renewable energy production. The chapter discusses the individual “indicators” or metrics that contribute to an understanding of sustainability, the tools available for combining these into a sustainability appraisal, and the types of boundary conditions that need to be considered in setting the scope of sustainability appraisal. The chapter also discusses the linkage of “sustainability” with “Risk Management”, the importance of engaging stakeholders in sustainability appraisal, and an emerging set of international initiatives in the field. Finally it presents a series of sustainable remediation case studies (technologies and decision making tools) and a view of the possible future for “sustainable remediation”.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    http://www.epa.gov/renewableenergyland/

  2. 2.

    http://www.globalreporting.org

  3. 3.

    http://www.globalreporting.org

  4. 4.

    http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/ see indicator set at: http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/natlinfo/indicators/isdms2001/table_4.htm

  5. 5.

    http://www.epa.gov/brownfields/tools/tti_lucs.htm

  6. 6.

    http://www.landrestorationtrust.org.uk

  7. 7.

    http://www.claire.co.uk/surfuk

  8. 8.

    8Figures 20.6 and 20.7 are taken from the SuRF-UK “Open Forum” Meeting, 18th March 2009, available from http://www.claire.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=182&Itemid=78&limit=1&limitstart=6. These figures were redrawn in CL:AIRE 2010

  9. 9.

    Figures 20.6 and 20.7 are taken from the SuRF-UK “Open Forum” Meeting, 18th March 2009, available from http://www.claire.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=182&Itemid=78&limit=1&limitstart=6. These figures were redrawn in CL:AIRE 2010

  10. 10.

    http://www.rescue-europe.com

  11. 11.

    NICOLE also began as an EU funded project, but is now a self-funding network http://www.nicole.org

  12. 12.

    http://www.sustainableremediation.org

  13. 13.

    http://www.claire.co.uk/surfuk

  14. 14.

    http://www.nicole.org/WorkingGroups/WGSustainableRemediation/default.aspx

  15. 15.

    http://www.crccare.com/working_with_industry/surf.html

  16. 16.

    ASTM International, originally known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), http://www.astm.org

  17. 17.

    http://clu-in.org/greenremediation/

  18. 18.

    http://www.eurodemo.info/

  19. 19.

    http://www.cabernet.org.uk

  20. 20.

    http://www.rescue-europe.com

  21. 21.

    20In this scenario MCA approaches are used both in making valuations, and combining different valuations, for example environmental impacts and costs.

  22. 22.

    http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ippc/

  23. 23.

    http://www.carbonfootprint.com/carbon_footprint.html

  24. 24.

    http://atkinsrocc.com/Public/Default.aspx

  25. 25.

    See also http://www.waterfootprint.org

  26. 26.

    http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eia/

  27. 27.

    Our emphasis: in most applications LCA is subject to a number of simplifying assumptions in order to make the analysis practically achievable. These simplifications can introduce a degree of subjectivity into the analyses.

  28. 28.

    27 De Jong Luchtfotografie (2009) http://www.dejongluchtfotografie.nl

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Technology Ltd, Reading, UK

    R. Paul Bardos

  2. Tauw bv., Deventer, The Netherlands

    Laurent M.M. Bakker

  3. Arcadis, Den Bosch, The Netherlands

    Hans L.A. Slenders & C. Paul Nathanail

  4. University of Nottingham and Land Quality Management Ltd, Nottingham, UK

    Hans L.A. Slenders & C. Paul Nathanail

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  1. R. Paul Bardos
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  1. National Institute of Public Health and, Bilthoven, 3720 BA, Netherlands

    Frank A. Swartjes

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Bardos, R.P., Bakker, L.M., Slenders, H.L., Nathanail, C.P. (2011). Sustainability and Remediation. In: Swartjes, F. (eds) Dealing with Contaminated Sites. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9757-6_20

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