Abstract
Low speed wind tunnel (LSWT) is a device, generating uniform airflow relative to a model of the body that measures aerodynamic force and pressure distribution to simulate with actual conditions. This paper will lay emphasis on the procedure adopted in the design of a tunnel (open circuit blow down type) along with the detailed analysis of flow through it and forces generated on an airfoil NACA 4412 with the help of CFD based software Fluent 6.3. In purview of the designing and testing economics, it is not feasible to go for the real time simulation at original facilities. So, we have decided to make this small scale LSWT as forces and pressures developed by the model can be applied to the prototype by multiplying the force co-efficient obtained in the computational analysis of the model with the factor ½ ρ ∞v 2∞ AP having values of parameters in the factor corresponding to full scale.
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Abbreviations
- DTH :
-
Hydraulic diameter of the test section
- L:
-
Characteristic length of the test section
- C, AR :
-
Contraction ratio and Area ratio for the wide angle diffuser respectively
- Hi :
-
Height at inlet of the contraction cone from datum axis
- Ho :
-
Height at outlet of the contraction cone from datum axis
- X:
-
Distance along contraction length
- F(ξ) where ξ = X/Lc where Lc :
-
Length of the contraction cone
- Dhoney :
-
Hydraulic diameter of honeycomb
- POA(β):
-
Percentage open area for turbulence screen or porosity
- θE :
-
Equivalent diffuser angle
- Re:
-
Reynolds number ρUL/ v
- PT :
-
Power in test section
- PC :
-
Power wasted around the circuit i.e. in losses
- VT :
-
Free-stream velocity in the wind tunnel test section
- AP :
-
Plan form area of airfoil (product of chord length and span of airfoil-1 × 0.6)
- ρ:
-
Density of the fluid flowing i.e. air (1.225 kg/m3)
- ν:
-
Viscosity of the fluid flowing (1.7894 × 10−5 kg/m-s)
- \({\Delta} {\text{H}}_{\ell}\) :
-
Pressure drop across the section under consideration
- \(q_{\ell}\) :
-
Dynamic pressure across the section under consideration
- qt :
-
Dynamic pressure across the test section
- \({\text{K}}_{\ell}\) :
-
Local loss co-efficient of the section under consideration
- \({\text{K}}_{\ell t}\) :
-
Loss co-efficient of the section with respect to test section dynamic pressure
References
Anderson Jr, J.D.: Fundamentals of Aerodynamics, 5th edn. Mcgraw-Hill, New York (2011)
Bell, J.H., Mehta, R.D.: NASA Contraction Design For Small Low-Speed Wind Tunnels. Cr 177488, Contract Nas2-Ncc-2-294 (1988)
Pope, A., et al.: Low Speed Wind Tunnel Testing, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York (1999)
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Rahul Goswami, Srijan Singhal, Kumar, V. (2017). Design and Simulation of a Low Speed Wind Tunnel with Analysis of Wind Effects on an Airfoil (CFD). In: Saha, A., Das, D., Srivastava, R., Panigrahi, P., Muralidhar, K. (eds) Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power – Contemporary Research. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2743-4_52
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2743-4_52
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