Skip to main content

Nanotechnologies in Societal Context

  • Chapter
Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of the past decade of research on the societal aspects and implications of nanotechnology in the USA. It starts by providing key terms and definitions and then outlines the contours of the social, ethical, governance, and participatory research in the USA, with key examples of nanoELSI work. The chapter argues that all these elements are different facets of responsible development and responsible innovation, and that the National Nanotechnology Initiative's investment in nanoELSI research, education and outreach has provided an unprecedented advance in scholarship and policy. The chapter proposes that nanoELSI has in some respects developed new forms of hybrid social science, ethics, historical, legal, sociological, psychological interdisciplinarity in addition to the interdisciplinary collaborations that form the basis of much nanoscale science and engineering innovation. Integration of the societal and the technical is an ongoing challenge, and the chapter cites some notable advances in this area as well.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 229.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. National Nanotechnology Coordinating Office: National Nanotechnology Initiative Strategic Plan (NNCO, Washington DC 2014), available online a: http://www.nano.gov/about-nni/what/vision-goals http://www.nano.gov/nanotech-101/what/definition

  2. Royal Society & the Royal Academy of Engineering: Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies: Opportunities and Uncertainties (Royal Society, London 2004) Available for download at: https://royalsociety.org/~/media/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/2004/9693.pdf

  3. J. McEwen, J. Boyer, K. Sun, K. Rothenberg, N. Lockhart, M. Guyer: The ethical, legal, and social implications program of the national human genome research institute: Reflections on an ongoing experiment, Annu. Rev. Genom. Hum. Genet. 15, 481–505 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. J. Schummer: Societal and ethical implications of nanotechnology: Meanings, interest groups, and social dynamics. In: Nanotechnology Challenges: Implications for Philosophy, Ethics and Society, ed. by J. Schummer, D. Baird (World Scientific Publishing, Hackensack 2006) pp. 413–449

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. ELSA|Norway: Network of ELSA-researchers in Norway, available online at https://www.ntnu.edu/elsa/what-is-elsa-research, last accessed August 17, 2016

  6. European Commission: HORIZON 2020 – Work Programme 2016 – 2017: Nanotechnologies, Advanced Materials, Biotechnology and Advanced Manufacturing and Processing (European Commission, Brussels 2016), Available for download at: https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/en/h2020-section/nanotechnologies

    Google Scholar 

  7. National Nanotechnology Coordinating Office: Ethical-Legal Issues, (NNCO, Washington DC 2016) Available for download at: http://www.nano.gov/you/ethical-legal-issues

  8. D. Baird, T. Vogt: Societal and ethical interactions with nanotechology (‘‘SEIN’’) – An introduction, Nanotech. Law Bus. J. 1(4), 101–107 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  9. F. Alloff, P. Lin, D. Moore: What is Nanotechnology and Why Does it Matter?: From Science to Ethics (Wiley-Blackwell, West Sussex 2010)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  10. J. Schummer, D. Baird (Eds.): Nanotechnology Challenges: Implications for Philosophy, Ethics and Society (World Scientific Publishing, Hackensack 2006)

    Google Scholar 

  11. A. Nordmann: Noumenal technology: Reflections on the incredible tininess of nano. In: Nanotechnology Challenges: Implications for Philosophy, Ethics and Society, ed. by J. Schummer, D. Baird (World Scientific Publishing, Hackensack 2006) pp. 49–72

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. B. Lewenstein: What counts as a ‘social and ethical issue’ in nanotechnology? In: Nanotechnology Challenges: Implications for Philosophy, Ethics and Society, ed. by J. Schummer, D. Baird (World Scientific Publishing, Hackensack 2006) pp. 201–216

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. R. Berne: Nanotalk: Conversations with Scientists and Engineers about Ethics, Meaning and Belief in the Development of Nanotechnology (Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah 2006)

    Google Scholar 

  14. R. Sandler: Nanotechnology: The Social and Ethical Issues Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies Report (Woodrow Wilson Center, Washington DC 2009)

    Google Scholar 

  15. E. Michelson, R. Sandler, D. Rejeski: Nanotechnology. In: From Birth to Death and Bench to Clinic: The Hastings Center Bioethicsm Briefing Book for Journalists, Policymakers, and Campaigns, ed. by M. Crowley (The Hastings Center, Garrison 2008) pp. 111–116

    Google Scholar 

  16. M. Johansson: Working for next to nothing: Labor in the global nanoscientific community. In: The Social Life of Nanotechnology, ed. by B.H. Harthorn, J. Mohr (Routledge, New York 2012) pp. 88–110

    Google Scholar 

  17. B.H. Harthorn, J. Mohr (Eds.): The Social Life of Nanotechnology (Routledge, New York 2012)

    Google Scholar 

  18. B. Harthorn, J. Mohr: Introduction: The social scientific view of nanotechnologies. In: The Social Life of Nanotechnology, ed. by B.H. Harthorn, J. Mohr (Routledge, New York 2012) pp. 1–15

    Google Scholar 

  19. R. Appelbaum, M. Gebbie, S. Han, G. Stocking: Will China’s quest for indigenous innovation succeed? Some lessons from nanotechnology, Technol. Soc. 46, 149–163 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. R. Appelbaum, R. Parker: China’s bid to be the global nanotech leader: Advancing nanotechnology through state-led programs and international collaborations, Sci. Public Policy 35(5), 319–334 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. C. Cao, R. Appelbaum, R. Parker: Research is high and the market is far away: Commercialization of nanotechnology in China, Technol. Soc. 35, 55–64 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. X. Han, G. Stocking, M. Gebbie, R. Appelbaum: Will they stay or will they go? International graduate students and their decisions to stay or leave the U.S. upon graduation, PLoS ONE 10(3), e0118183 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. N. Invernizzi: Implications of nanotechnology for labor and employment: Assessing nanotechnology products in Brazil. In: Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development?, ed. by R. Parker, R. Appelbaum (Routledge, New York 2012) pp. 140–152

    Google Scholar 

  24. S. Cozzens, J. Wetmore (Eds.): Nanotechnology and the Challenges of Equity, Equality and Development (Springer, Dordrecht 2011)

    Google Scholar 

  25. C. Engeman, J. Rogers-Brown, B. Harthorn: Organized but uninvited: Civil society organization in the nanotechnology sphere. In preparation, CNS-UCSB, Santa Barbara, CA. Paper presented at the Society for the Study of Social Problems, Montreal, Canada, Aug 11-13, 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  26. D. Kahan, D. Braman, P. Slovic, J. Gastil, G. Cohen: Cultural cognition of the risks and benefits of nanotechnology, Nat. Nanotechnol. 4, 87–90 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. B. Bimber, L. Copeland: Digital media and traditional political participation over time in the US, J. Info. Technol. Politics 10(2), 125–137 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. C. Bosso (Ed.): Governing Uncertainty: Environmental Regulation in the Age of Nanotechnology (Routledge, New York 2010)

    Google Scholar 

  29. D. Scheufele, E. Corley, T.-J. Shih, K. Dalrymple, S. Ho: Religious beliefs and public attitudes toward nanotechnology in Europe and the United States, Nat. Nanotechnol. 4(2), 91–94 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. E. Corley, Y. Kim, D. Scheufele: Leading U.S. nano-scientists’ perceptions about nano media coverage and the public communication of scientific research findings, J. Nanopart. Res. 13(12), 7041–7055 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. D. Brossard, D. Scheufele, E. Kim, B. Lewenstein: Religiosity as a perceptual filter: Examining processes of opinion formation about nanotechnology, Public Underst. Sci. 18(5), 546–558 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. National Academies of Sciences, Sackler Colloquia. Info. available at: http://www.nasonline.org/programs/sackler-colloquia/completed_colloquia/ (2012, 2013)

  33. National Academies of Sciences: The Science of Science Communication II, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111(Supplement 4), 13583–13671 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  34. W.P. McCray: From lab to iPod: A story of discovery and commercialization in the post-Cold War era, Technol. Cult. 50(1), 58–81 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. C. Mody: Instrumental Community: Probe Microscopy and the Path to Nanotechnology (MIT Press, Cambridge 2011)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  36. W.P. McCray: The Visioneers: How a Group of Elite Scientists Pursued Space Colonies, Nanotechnologies, and a Limitless Future (Princeton University Press, Princeton 2013)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  37. P. Shapira, J. Youtie, Y. Li: Social science contributions Compared in synthetic biology and nanotechnology, J. Responsible Innov. 2(1), 143–148 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. J. Youtie, J. Rogers, T. Heinze, P. Shapira, L. Tang: Career-based influences on scientific recognition in the United States and Europe: Longitudinal evidence from curriculum vitae data, Res. Policy 42(8), 1341–1355 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. J. Youtie, L. Kay: Acquiring nanotechnology capabilities: Role of mergers and acquisitions, Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manag. 26(5), 547–563 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. L. Kay, J. Youtie, P. Shapira: Signs of things to come? What patent submissions by small and medium-sized enterprises say about corporate strategies in emerging technologies, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 85, 17–25 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. S. Cozzens: Building equity and equality into nanotechnology. In: The Yearbook of Nanotechnology in Society, Vol. II: Nanotechnology and the Challenges of Equity, Equality and Development, ed. by S. Cozzens, J. Wetmore (Springer, New York 2011) pp. 433–457

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  42. P. Slovic (Ed.): The Perception of Risk (Earthscan, London 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  43. N. Pidgeon, R. Kasperson, P. Slovic (Eds.): The Social Amplification of Risk (Earthscan, London 2003)

    Google Scholar 

  44. N. Pidgeon, B.H. Harthorn, T. Satterfield: Nanotechnology risk perceptions and communication: Emerging technologies, emerging challenges, Risk Anal. (special issue) 31(11), 1694–1700 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  45. N. Pidgeon, B.H. Harthorn, K. Bryant, T. Rogers-Hayden: Deliberating the risks of nanotechnologies for energy and health applications in the United States and United Kingdom, Nat. Nanotechnol. 4(2), 95–98 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. T. Satterfield, M. Kandlikar, C. Beaudrie, J. Conti, B.H. Harthorn: Anticipating the perceived risk of nanotechnologies: will they be like other controversial technologies, Nat. Nanotechnol. 4, 752–758 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. B. Harthorn, N. Pidgeon, T. Satterfield: CNS-UCSB IRG 3 Synthesis Report: Understanding Nanotechnologies’ Risks and Benefits: Emergence, Expertise and Upstream Participation (CNS-UCSB, Santa Barbara 2016), available online at http://www.cns.ucsb.edu.

  48. J. Schot, A. Rip: The past and future of Constructive Technology Assessment, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 54, 251–268 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. D. Guston: Understanding ‘anticipatory governance, Soc. Stud. Sci. 44(2), 218–242 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. R. Owen, J. Bessant, M. Heintz (Eds.): Responsible Innovation: Managing the Responsible Emergence of Science and Innovation in Society (Wiley, Chichester, West Sussex 2013)

    Google Scholar 

  51. B.H. Harthorn: Methodological challenges posed by emergent nanotechnologies and cultural values. In: The Handbook of Emergent Technologies and Social Research, ed. by S. Hesse-Biber (Oxford University Press, Oxford 2011) pp. 65–88

    Google Scholar 

  52. W. Poortinga, N.F. Pidgeon: Public Perceptions of Genetically Modified Food and Crops, and the GM Nation? Public Debate on the Commercialisation of Agricultural Biotechnology in the UK, Understanding Risk Working Paper 04-01 (Centre for Environmental Risk, Norwich 2004)

    Google Scholar 

  53. J. Willsdon, R. Willis: See Through Science: Why Public Engagement Needs to Move Upstream (Demos, London 2004)

    Google Scholar 

  54. D. Kahan, J. Gastil, J. Reedy, D. Braman: Deliberation across the cultural divide: Assessing the potential for reconciling conflicting cultural orientations to reproductive technology, Paper 4688, Yale University Faculty Scholarship Series, (Yale University, New Haven 2008), available online at http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/4688

  55. P. Devine-Wright: Reconsidering public attitudes and public acceptance of renewable energy technologies: a critical review, Working Paper 1.4 (2007) School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK, available online at http://www.sed.manchester.ac.uk/research/beyond_nimbyism/

  56. T. Dietz, P. Stern (Eds.): Public Participation in Environmental Assessment and Decision Making (National Academies Press, Washington DC 2008)

    Google Scholar 

  57. D. Fiorino: Citizen participation and environmental risk: A survey of institutional mechanisms, Sci. Technol. Hum. Values 15(2), 226–243 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. B.H. Harthorn, C. Shearer, J. Rogers: Exploring ambivalence: techno-enthusiasm and skepticism in US nanotech deliberations. In: Quantum Engagements: Social Reflections of Nanoscience and Emerging Technologies, ed. by T. Zuelsdorf (IOS, Amsterdam 2011) pp. 75–89

    Google Scholar 

  59. T. Satterfield, J. Conti, B.H. Harthorn, N. Pidgeon, A. Pitts: Understanding shifting perceptions of nanotechnologies and their implications for policy dialogues about emerging technologies, Sci. Public Policy 40(2), 247–260 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. M. Cobb: Creating informed public opinion: citizen deliberation about nanotechnologies for human enhancements, J. Nanoparticle Res. 13(4), 1533–1548 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. S. Davies, P. Macnaghten: Narratives of mastery and resistance: Lay ethics of nanotechnology, NanoEthics 4(2), 141–151 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. P. Strandbakken, G. Scholl, E. Stø: Consumers and Nanotechnology: Deliberative Processes and Methodologies (CRC, Boca Raton 2012)

    Google Scholar 

  63. J. Rogers-Brown, C. Shearer, B.H. Harthorn: From biotech to nanotech: public debates about technological modification of food, Env. Soc.: Adv. Res. 2(1), 149–169 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  64. B.H. Harthorn, J. Rogers, C. Shearer, T. Martin: Debating Nanoethics: U.S. public perceptions of nanotechnology applications for energy and the environment. In: Debating Science: Deliberation, Values, and the Common Good, 2nd edn., ed. by D. Scott, B. Francis (Prometheus Books, New York 2012) pp. 227–249

    Google Scholar 

  65. N. Pidgeon, W. Poortinga, G. Rowe, T. Horlick-Jones, J. Walls, T. O’Riordan: Using surveys in public participation processes for risk decision making: The case of the 2003 British GM Nation? public debate, Risk Anal. 25(2), 467–479 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. A. Corner, N. Pidgeon: Nanotechnologies and upstream public engagement: Dilemmas, debates and prospects. In: The Social Life of Nanotechnology, ed. by B.H. Harthorn, J. Mohr (Routledge, New York 2012) pp. 247–283

    Google Scholar 

  67. B. Wynne: Public participation in science and technology: Performing and obscuring a political – Conceptual category mistake, East Asian Sci. Technol. Soc. Int. J. 1, 99–110 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  68. I. Welsh, B. Wynne: Science, scientism and imaginaries of publics in the UK: passive objects, incipient threats, Sci. Culture 22(4), 540–566 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. C. Bosso: Settling into the midstream? Lessons for governance from the decade of nanotechnology, J. Nanopart. Res. 18, 163 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. E. Michelson: Assessing the Societal Implications of Emerging Technologies: Anticipatory Governance in Practice (Earthscan/Routledge, New York 2016)

    Google Scholar 

  71. Nanotechnology Informal Science Education Network, Boston Museum of Science: http://nisenet.org/

  72. C. Toumey: Science and democracy, Nat. Nanotechnol. 1, 6–7 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. A. Jones, A. Anderson, S. Yeo, A. Greenberg, D. Brossard, J. Moore: Using a deliberative exercise to foster public engagement in nanotechnology, J. Chem. Educ. 91, 179–187 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. J. Schummer: Cultural diversity in nanotechnology ethics, Interdiscip. Sci. Rev. 31(3), 217–230 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. F. Allhoff, P. Lin, J. Moor, J. Weckert (Eds.): Nanoethics: The Ethical and Social Implications of Nanotechnology (Wiley, Hoboken 2007)

    Google Scholar 

  76. K. McComas, J. Besley: Fairness and nanotechnology concern, Risk Anal. 31(11), 1749–1761 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. D. Evensen: Ethics and ‘fracking’: A review of (the limited) moral thought on shale gas development, WIREs Water 3, 575–586 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. J. Weckert, J. Moor: The precautionary principle in nanotechnology. In: Nanoethics: the ethical and social implications of nanotechnology, ed. by F. Allhoff, P. Lin, J. Moor, J. Weckert (Wiley, Hoboken 2007) pp. 133–146

    Google Scholar 

  79. F. Allhoff, P. Lin, D. Moore: What is Nanotechnology and Why Does It Matter?: From Science to Ethics (Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken 2010)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  80. NIOSH: Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology: Managing the Health and Safety Concerns Associated with Engineered Nanomaterials, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication # 2009-125 (NIOSH, Atlanta 2009), available online at http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2009-125/

  81. J. Sass: Nanotechnologies and precautionary principle. Presentation (NRDC, Washington DC 2006), available online at https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/hea_06121401a.pdf

  82. Center for Responsible Nanotechnology: http://www.crnano.org/precautionary.htm

  83. R. Parker, R. Appelbaum (Eds.): Can Emerging Technologies Make a Difference in Development? (Routledge, New York 2012)

    Google Scholar 

  84. D. Guston, J. Parsi, J. Tosi: Anticipating the ethical and political challenges of human nanotechnologies. In: Nanoethics: the Ethical and Social Implications of Nanotechnology, ed. by F. Allhoff, P. Lin, J. Moor, J. Weckert (Wiley, Hoboken 2007) pp. 185–197

    Google Scholar 

  85. O. Renn, M. Roco: Nanotechnology and the need for risk governance, J. Nanopart. Res. 8(2), 153–191 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. O. Renn, M. Roco: Nanotechnology Risk Governance, White paper No. 2 (International Risk Governance Council, Geneva 2006)

    Google Scholar 

  87. California Department of Toxic Substances Control (2010, 2011) Chemical Information Call-in. https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PollutionPrevention/Chemical_Call_In.cfm, http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PollutionPrevention/Round_One.cfm, http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PollutionPrevention/Round_Two.cfm

  88. P. Schulte, G. Roth, L. Hodson, V. Murashov, M. Hoover, R. Zumwaalde, E. Kuempel, C. Geraci, A. Stefaniak, V. Castranova, J. Howard: Taking stock of the occupational safety and health challenges of nanotechnology: 2000-2015, J. Nanopart. Res. 18, 159 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. C. Beaudrie, M. Kandlikar, T. Satterfield: From cradle-to-grave at the nanoscale: gaps in US regulatory oversight along the nanomaterial life cycle, Environ. Sci. Technol. 47(11), 5524–5534 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. C. Beaudrie, T. Satterfield, M. Kandlikar, B.H. Harthorn: Expert views on regulatory preparedness for managing the risks of nanotechnologies, PLOS One 8(11), e80250 (2013) doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0080250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. C. Engeman, L. Baumgartner, B. Carr, A. Fish, J. Meyerhofer, T. Satterfield, P. Holden, B.H. Harthorn: Governance implications of nanomaterials companies’ inconsistent risk perceptions and safety practices, J. Nanopart. Res. 14(749), 1–12 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  92. C. Engeman, L. Baumgartner, B. Carr, A. Fish, J. Meyerhofer, T. Satterfield, P. Holden, B.H. Harthorn: The hierarchy of environmental, health, and safety practices, in the US nanotechnology workplace, J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 10(9), 487–495 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  93. R. Owen, J. Stilgoe, P. Macnaghten, M. Gorman, E. Fisher, D. Guston: A framework for responsible innovation. In: Responsible Innovation: Managing the Responsible Emergence of Science and Innovation in Society, ed. by R. Owen, J. Bessant, M. Heintz (Wiley, Chichester 2013) pp. 27–50

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  94. J. van den Hoven, N. Doorn, T. Swierstra, B.-J. Koops, H. Romijn (Eds.): Responsible Innovation 1: Innovative Solutions for Global Issues (Springer, Dordrecht 2014)

    Google Scholar 

  95. S. Arnaldi, A. Ferrari, P. Magaudda, F. Marin (Eds.): Responsibility in Nanotechnology Development (Springer, Dordrecht 2014)

    Google Scholar 

  96. S. Davies, C. Selin, G. Gano, A. Pereira: Citizen engagement and urban change: Three case studies of material deliberation, Cities 29(6), 351–357 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  97. P. Stern, H. Fineberg: Understanding Risk: Informing Decisions in a Democratic Society (National Academies Press, Washington DC 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  98. N. Pidgeon, C. Demski, C. Butler, K. Parkhill, A. Spence: Creating a national citizen engagement process for energy policy, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111, 13606–13613 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  99. Center for Nanotechnology in Society at University of California at Santa Barbara: Cumulative presentations 2005-2016, http://www.cns.ucsb.edu/presentations

  100. H. Collins, R. Evans: The third wave of science studies, Soc. Stud. Sci. 32(2), 235–296 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. M. Gorman, J. Groves, R. Catalano: Societal dimensions of nanotechnology, IEEE Technol. Soc. Mag. 29(4), 55–64 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  102. C. Beaudrie, M. Kandlikar, G. Ramachandran: Using expert judgment for risk assessment. In: Assessing Nanoparticle Risks to Human Health, ed. by G. Ramachandran (Elsevier, Oxford 2016) pp. 109–138

    Google Scholar 

  103. D. Berube, C. Cummings, M. Cacciatore, D. Scheufele, J. Kalin: Characteristics and classification of nanoparticles: Expert Delphi survey, Nanotoxicology 5(2), 236–243 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  104. B. Fastman, M. Metzger, B.H. Harthorn: Forging new connections between nanoscience and society in the UCSB Center for Nanotechnology in Society Science & Engineering Fellows Program. In: Global Perspectives of Nanoscience and Engineering Education, ed. by K. Winkelmann, B. Bhushan (Springer International, Cham 2016) pp. 375–393

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  105. E. Fisher, M. O’Rourke, E. Kennedy, R. Evans, M. Gorman, T. Seager: Mapping the integrative field: Taking stock of socio-technical collaborations, J. Responsible Innov. 2(1), 39–61 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Bharat Bhushan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Herr Harthorn, B. (2017). Nanotechnologies in Societal Context. In: Bhushan, B. (eds) Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54357-3_44

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54357-3_44

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-54355-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-54357-3

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics