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Surface-Tension-Driven Flow in Crystal Growth Melts

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Superhard Materials, Convection, and Optical Devices

Part of the book series: Crystals ((CRYSTALS,volume 11))

Abstract

Convection is an important parameter in crystal growth from the melt. A driving force for convection besides buoyancy, crystal rotation and crucible rotation, is the surface-tension gradient due to temperature or concentration gradients in the free melt surface. This article points out that in the various melt-growth techniques with free melt surface, e.g. the floating-zone technique, the Czochralski technique and the open-boat zoning, surface-tension-driven flow is likely to occur and to influence the growth. Surface-tension-driven flow is especially important in small melt volumes, near the free surface of larger volumes, or under conditions of weightlessness (e.g. in Spacelab). Under the large temperature gradients encountered in crystal growth, surface-tension-driven flow can become time dependent. Numerical studies, experiments on surface-tension-driven flow, and observations in real growth systems are reviewed.

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  1. I. Physikalisches Institut der Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 6300, Gießen, Germany

    Dietrich Schwabe

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Schwabe, D. (1988). Surface-Tension-Driven Flow in Crystal Growth Melts. In: Superhard Materials, Convection, and Optical Devices. Crystals, vol 11. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73205-8_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73205-8_2

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