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Secondary Currents in a Straight Channel Flow and the Relation to Its Aspect Ratio

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Turbulent Shear Flows 4

Abstract

The initiation and maintenance mechanism of multi-cellular secondary currents in a straight wide-river is quite unknown at present. This study investigated experimentally the existence of secondary currents over a flat bed by varying the aspect ratio of channel. It was suggested strongly that an initiation of cellular secondary currents may be motivated by the mutual interaction between the secondary currents and the sand bed.

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Abbreviations

B :

spanwise width of channel;

\({\text{Fr}} \equiv {U_m}/\sqrt {gh}\) :

Froude number;

h :

flowdepth or half vertical width of duct;

l 1 :

distance between the bottom-vortex center and the side-wall;

l 2 :

diameter of the bottom-vortex;

P :

mean pressure;

R ≡ h/(1 + 2α −1):

hydraulic radius;

Re ≡ 4 RU m /v :

Reynolds number;

R′e ≡ h U m /v :

Reynolds number;

U m ;:

mean bulk velocity;

U max :

maximum mainstream velocity;

U *1 :

friction velocity evaluated directly;

U *2 :

friction velocity evaluated from the log-law;

U, V, W :

mean velocities in x, y and z directions, respectively;

u, υ, w :

turbulent fluctuations, in x, y and z directions, respectively;

u′,υ′, w′:

turbulence intensities in x, y and z directions, respectively;

x, y, z :

Cartesian coordinates in longitudinal, vertical and spanwise directions, respectively, i.e. y = 0 on the bed and z = 0 at the channel center;

a ≡ B/h :

aspect ratio of the channel;

λ :

spanwise spacing of sand ribbons;

τ o ≡ ϱ U 2* :

wall shear stress;

ξ ≡ (∂W/∂y − ∂V/∂z):

streamwise vorticity;

References

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606, Japan

    I. Nezu (Formerly (1983) Alexander von Humboldt fellow), H. Nakagawa & A. Tominaga

  2. Institut für Hydromechanik, Univ. of Karlsruhe, 7500, Karlsruhe, Germany

    I. Nezu (Formerly (1983) Alexander von Humboldt fellow)

  3. Department of Civil Eng., Gunma University, Kiryu, 376, Japan

    A. Tominaga

Authors
  1. I. Nezu
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  2. H. Nakagawa
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  3. A. Tominaga
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Surrey, GU2 5XH, Guildford, Surrey, England

    Leslie J. S. Bradbury

  2. Technische Fakultät, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Egerlandstraße 13, D-8520, Erlangen, Fed. Rep. of Germany

    Franz Durst (Lehrstuhl für Strömungsmechanik) (Lehrstuhl für Strömungsmechanik)

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manchester, Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 88, M60 1QD, Manchester, England

    Brian E. Launder

  4. Mechanical Engineering Department, The Pennsylvania State University, 16802, University Park, PA, USA

    Frank W. Schmidt

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College of Science and Technology, Exhibition Road, SW7 2BX, London, England

    James H. Whitelaw

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© 1985 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Nezu, I., Nakagawa, H., Tominaga, A. (1985). Secondary Currents in a Straight Channel Flow and the Relation to Its Aspect Ratio. In: Bradbury, L.J.S., Durst, F., Launder, B.E., Schmidt, F.W., Whitelaw, J.H. (eds) Turbulent Shear Flows 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69996-2_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69996-2_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-69998-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-69996-2

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