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Leberfibrose und Leberzirrhose

  • Chapter
Pathologie der Leber und Gallenwege

Part of the book series: Spezielle pathologische Anatomie ((SPEZIELLE,volume 10))

Zusammenfassung

Obwohl die organspezifischen Leistungen der Leber (Sekretion, Exkretion, Intermediärstoffwechsel, Biotransformation) vorrangig von den parenchymatösen Zellen, den Hepatozyten und den Gangepithelien erbracht werden, sind die mesenchymalen Bestandteile — das Bindegewebe im weitesten Sinne — unabdingbar nicht nur hinsichtlich ihrer Funktion als Organ und Gewebegerüst, sondern auch für die Aufrechterhaltung von Bedingungen, die für die Funktion der Hepatozyten erforderlich sind. Diese funktionelle Abhängigkeit des Parenchyms vom Mesenchym wird anschaulich belegt durch die Tatsache, daß die Zugabe von Komponenten der extrazellulären Matrix Struktur und Funktion von Hepatozyten in vitro wesentlich verbessert (Rojkind et al. 1980; Reid u. Jefferson 1984; Bissel et al. 1987). Die engen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Leberparenchym und -mesenchym kommen aber vor allem darin zum Ausdruck, daß letzteres unter den meisten krankhaften Bedingungen zu Reaktionen veranlaßt wird, die eine Nettozunahme des Bindegewebsanteiles bewirken. Solange die Läppchen- bzw. Azinusstruktur dabei erhalten bleibt, es also nicht zum zirrhotischen Umbau kommt, bezeichnet man diesen Zustand ungeachtet der genaueren topographischen Verhältnisse als Fibrose, und die Vorgänge, die dazu führen als Fibrogenese. Obwohl dies in aller Regel auch mit einer Vermehrung von Zellen des Bindegewebes einhergeht, ist die Vermehrung extra-zellulären Materials das hauptsächliche Kriterium einer Fibrosedefinition.

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Pfeifer, U. (2000). Leberfibrose und Leberzirrhose. In: Pathologie der Leber und Gallenwege. Spezielle pathologische Anatomie, vol 10. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57036-0_11

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