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How Root Structure Defines the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis and What We Can Learn from It?

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Root Engineering

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 40))

Abstract

The colonisation of a root system by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi depends on different root anatomical characteristics, e.g. thickening of the cell walls of the rhizodermis, exodermis and outer cortex or the presence of aerenchyma in the inner cortex. As a result, only some root orders are susceptible of being colonised. The type of mycorrhizal anatomy formed ranges between the two extremes of a continuum, the Paris and Arum types, and it has also been suggested that this depends on features of the root anatomy.

For over two decades, it has been known that AM fungi alter the root morphology of their host plants, in most cases reducing root branching and decreasing specific root length and the total root length to shoot dry weight ratio.

Despite this knowledge in all mycorrhizal studies to date, mycorrhizal colonisation has been expressed as a percentage colonisation of the total root length and there has been no attempt to modify the methods of AM colonisation assessment. Here, the results obtained with the palm species Phoenix canariensis are presented as a case study. As stated by other authors, a root order-oriented approach may expand the information gained from mycorrhizal studies. An alternative way of assessing AM colonisation for this palm species is suggested, the main objective being to provoke a rethinking of the methods used in mycorrhizal research and to move towards a more integrative approach.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mycorrhizal Research Group of El Salvador, Center for Health Research and Development (CENSALUD), University of El Salvador, Final 25 Av. Norte, Ciudad Universitaria, San Salvador, El Salvador

    Beatriz Dreyer

  2. Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain

    Mario Honrubia & Asunción Morte

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  1. Beatriz Dreyer
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  2. Mario Honrubia
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  3. Asunción Morte
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Correspondence to Asunción Morte .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain

    Asunción Morte

  2. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ajit Varma

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Dreyer, B., Honrubia, M., Morte, A. (2014). How Root Structure Defines the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis and What We Can Learn from It?. In: Morte, A., Varma, A. (eds) Root Engineering. Soil Biology, vol 40. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54276-3_7

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