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Types of Mycorrhizal Association

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Desert Truffles

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 38))

Abstract

The following types of mycorrhizas are distinguished:

  • Ectomycorrhizas, which are characterized by a Hartig net and may or may not have a mantle

  • Endomycorrhizas, which have no Hartig net and may or may not have a mantle but are characterized by undifferentiated coil-shaped intracellular hyphae

  • Ectendomycorrhizas, which display a Hartig net with or without a mantle alongside various forms of intracellular coiled or spherical hyphae

The type of mycorrhiza formed depends on the level of auxin secretion by the fungus and on the sensitivity of the plant root to auxin, whether endogenous or induced by phosphate level in the substrate. The microclimate also affects mycorrhizal architecture. For instance, when paired with the plant host Helianthemum almeriense, Terfezia claveryi produces endomycorrhizas outdoors but ectomycorrhizas in the greenhouse and in vitro (with or without a mantle). Moreover, Terfezia boudieri coupled with Helianthemum sessiliflorum produces endomycorrhizas in Tunisia but ectomycorrhizas in the Israeli desert. Yet the effect of climate on mycorrhizal type cannot be interpreted solely in terms of auxin level, and there is evidence that auxin acts in concert with other plant hormones or with plant metabolites.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel

    Nurit Roth-Bejerano

  2. Servicio de Experimentación Agroforestal, Edificio CAID, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain

    Alfonso Navarro-Ródenas

  3. Departamento de Biología Vegetál, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain

    Almudena Gutiérrez

Authors
  1. Nurit Roth-Bejerano
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  2. Alfonso Navarro-Ródenas
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  3. Almudena Gutiérrez
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nurit Roth-Bejerano .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Life Sciences Department, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Varda Kagan-Zur

  2. Life Sciences Department, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Nurit Roth-Bejerano

  3. Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Yaron Sitrit

  4. Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain

    Asunción Morte

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Roth-Bejerano, N., Navarro-Ródenas, A., Gutiérrez, A. (2014). Types of Mycorrhizal Association. In: Kagan-Zur, V., Roth-Bejerano, N., Sitrit, Y., Morte, A. (eds) Desert Truffles. Soil Biology, vol 38. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40096-4_5

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