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Cellulose

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  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Polymeric Nanomaterials

Synonyms

Cellulose microfibril; Cellulose nanofiber; Nanocellulose; TEMPO

Definition

Cellulose is the most abundantly present biopolymer on earth and accumulated in plants every year as one of their three major components alongside hemicelluloses and lignin. Native cellulose is a structural homopolysaccharide consisting of β-(1 → 4)-linked d-glucosyl units and forms crystalline cellulose microfibrils of 3–10 nm in width and several microns in length depending on the origin. Cellulose molecules are fully extended along the longitudinal direction of each cellulose microfibril, forming numerous and regular intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. Cellulose microfibrils are the second smallest elements in plant cell walls next to cellulose molecules and form a hierarchical structure that protects living plant bodies from gravity, external mechanical stress, and biological attack.

Introduction

Cellulose microfibrils are the most abundantly present...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, 113-8657, Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan

    Akira Isogai

Authors
  1. Akira Isogai
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Correspondence to Akira Isogai .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Kyoto Institute of Technology R & D Center for Bio-Based Materials, Kyoto, Japan

    Shiro Kobayashi

  2. Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Mainz, Germany

    Klaus Müllen

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Isogai, A. (2014). Cellulose. In: Kobayashi, S., Müllen, K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Polymeric Nanomaterials. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36199-9_320-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36199-9_320-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-36199-9

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