Skip to main content

Mediastinal Vessels

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Penetrating Trauma

Abstract

Penetrating injuries to the mediastinal great vessels are daunting for even the most experienced trauma surgeon. The anatomy, clinical presentation and patterns of injury will be discussed. A practical management framework for the surgeon is presented, giving a strategy to approaching and dealing with these critically ill patients, detailing resuscitative strategies and surgery, screening investigations, and when and where to operate. The use of endovascular approaches and bypass/shunting is discussed. Individual injuries are described and a viable approach and repair technique detailed, including some less covered but important injuries. Finally, outcomes and complications with relevant factors are detailed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 179.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Further Reading

  • Burack JH, Kandil E, Sawas A et al (2007) Triage and outcome of patients with mediastinal penetrating trauma. Ann Thorac Surg 83(2):377–382; discussion 382

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Degiannis E, Benn CA, Leandros E et al (2000) Transmediastinal gunshot injuries. Surgery 128(1):54–58

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Demetriades D (1997) Penetrating injuries to the thoracic great vessels. J Card Surg 12(2 Suppl):173–179; discussion 179–180

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Demetriades D, Theodorou D, Murray J et al (1996) Mortality and prognostic factors in penetrating injuries of the aorta. J Trauma 40(5):761–763

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deneuville M (2000) Injury of the pulmonary artery and its branches due to penetrating chest trauma. Ann Vasc Surg 14(5):463–467

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • du Toit DF, Odendaal W, Lambrechts A et al (2008) Surgical and endovascular management of penetrating innominate artery injuries. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 36(1):56–62

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fulton JO, de Groot KM, Buckels NJ et al (1997) Penetrating injuries involving the intrathoracic great vessels. S Afr J Surg 35(2):82–86

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanpeter DE, Demetriades D, Asensio JA et al (2000) Helical computed tomographic scan in the evaluation of mediastinal gunshot wounds. J Trauma 49(4):689–694; discussion 694–685

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ibirogba S, Nicol AJ, Navsaria PH (2007) Screening helical computed tomographic scanning in haemodynamic stable patients with transmediastinal gunshot wounds. Injury 38(1):48–52

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marin ML, Veith FJ, Panetta TF et al (1994) Transluminally placed endovascular stented graft repair for arterial trauma. J Vasc Surg 20(3):466–472; discussion 472–463

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGrath EE, Blades Z, Anderson PB (2010) Chylothorax: aetiology, diagnosis and therapeutic options. Respir Med 104(1):1–8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Michelassi F, Pietrabissa A, Ferrari M et al (1990) Bullet emboli to the systemic and venous circulation. Surgery 107(3):239–245

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pate JW, Cole FH Jr, Walker WA et al (1993) Penetrating injuries of the aortic arch and its branches. Ann Thorac Surg 55(3):586–592

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Renz BM, Cava RA, Feliciano DV et al (2000) Transmediastinal gunshot wounds: a prospective study. J Trauma 48(3):416–421; discussion 421–412

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roye GD, Zorn GL, McGiffin DC et al (1995) Acute repair of aorta-innominate vein fistulas. J Trauma 39(4):753–756

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schonholz CJ, Uflacker R, De Gregorio MA et al (2007) Stent-graft treatment of trauma to the supra-aortic arteries. A review. J Cardiovasc Surg(Torino) 48(5):537–549

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stassen NA, Lukan JK, Spain DA et al (2002) Reevaluation of diagnostic procedures for transmediastinal gunshot wounds. J Trauma 53(4):635–638; discussion 638

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Subramanian A, Vercruysse G, Dente C et al (2008) A decade’s experience with temporary intravascular shunts at a civilian level I trauma center. J Trauma 65(2):316–324; discussion 324–316

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wall MJ Jr, Mattox KL, Debakey ME (2006) Injuries to the azygous venous system. J Trauma 60(2):357–362

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yee ES, Verrier ED, Thomas AN (1983) Management of air embolism in blunt and penetrating thoracic trauma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 85(5):661–668

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Douglas M. Bowley .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Calderbank, P.R., Tai, N.R.M., Bowley, D.M. (2012). Mediastinal Vessels. In: Velmahos, G., Degiannis, E., Doll, D. (eds) Penetrating Trauma. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20453-1_34

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20453-1_34

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-20452-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-20453-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics