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UV-Radiation Biology as Part of Cancer Research

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Book cover Life Sciences and Radiation

Abstract

The existence of UV-radiation is known since about 200 years, starting with the pioneering work of Johann Wilhelm Ritter [1]. Since then an enormous amount of knowledge has been collected about this kind of non-ionizing radiation and its impacts on nearly every part of animated and in-animated material, because the main source of environmental UV is the sun. A picture is emerging now, that solar UV-radiation, although necessary in having driven the evolution of many biological systems [2], has to be seen as one of, if not the most prominent environmental challenge presented to many organisms on earth. UV-radiation (280–400 nm) can be absorbed by many molecular components in the cell. Energies of different parts of the solar UV-spectrum (UVC: 100–280 nm, UVB: 280–315 nm, UVA: 315–400 nm) are therefore able to excite molecules to reactive electronic states which are photophysical precursors of a plenitude of photochemical reactions, depending on the UV-wavelength region. This may lead to changes in molecular structure or even create new molecular species with high and often hazardous reactivity against important molecular and genetic components in the cell. In this way cells might be damaged in an UV-dependent way. The main target of UV-induced damage in the cell is DNA. This is because DNA is able, both, to absorb UV-photons directly or to interact with UV-induced cellular species (e.g. reactive oxygen species, ROS). Both reaction pathways may introduce lesions into DNA, which if not, not fully or misrepaired may give rise to mutations with cancerogenic potential.

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  1. Dermatologisches Zentrum Buxtehude, Abt. Mol. Zellbiologie, Germany

    R. Greinert, E. W. Breitbart & B. Volkmer

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  1. R. Greinert
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  2. E. W. Breitbart
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  1. Strahlenzentrum, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Leihgesterner Weg 217, 35392, Giessen, Germany

    Jürgen Kiefer

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Greinert, R., Breitbart, E.W., Volkmer, B. (2004). UV-Radiation Biology as Part of Cancer Research. In: Kiefer, J. (eds) Life Sciences and Radiation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18687-5_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18687-5_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62246-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-18687-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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