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Viable but Not Cultivable Bacteria

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Uncultivated Microorganisms

Part of the book series: Microbiology Monographs ((MICROMONO,volume 10))

Abstract

A well-studied, long-term survival mechanism employed by Gram-positive bacteria is formation of endospores. For Gram-negative bacteria, the assumption has been that a survival state does not exist. However, a dormancy state has been described for Gram-negative bacteria and designated as the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) strategy of nonspore-forming cells. A variety of environmental factors are involved in induction of the viable but nonculturable state and Vibrio cholerae provides a useful paradigm for the VBNC phenomenon. It is now accepted that plate counts cannot be relied upon to enumerate or detect VBNC cells. Therefore, direct methods employing fluorescent staining, molecular genetic probes, and other molecular methods have proven both useful and reliable in detecting and enumerating both culturable and nonculturable cells. A predictive model for cholera has been developed, based on ground truth data gathered using these molecular methods and combining them with data obtained by remote sensing, employing satellites. It is clear that microbiology in the twenty-first century has been enhanced by these new tools and paradigms.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant No. R01A139129-01 and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Grant No. S0660009 of the Oceans and Human Health Initiative (OHHI).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Maryland, Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, College Park, MD, 20742-0001, USA

    Rita R. Colwell

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  1. Rita R. Colwell
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Correspondence to Rita R. Colwell .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, 02115, U.S.A.

    Slava S. Epstein

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© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Colwell, R.R. (2009). Viable but Not Cultivable Bacteria. In: Epstein, S. (eds) Uncultivated Microorganisms. Microbiology Monographs, vol 10. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85465-4_1

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