Abstract
One of the most important and exciting directions in modern science and technology is the effort to achieve systematic control of matter at the nanoscale (1 nm = 10−9 m = 10 Å ). This is now seen as a milestone toward a new industrial revolution as nanomanufacturing will allow significantly smaller consumption of energy, water, and resources than is associated with current industries. Nanotechnology involves creation of devices at the nanoscale based upon such materials as nanocrystals and clusters (quantum dots), nanowires, nanotubes, thin films, nanocomposites, and superlattices. The role of the nanoscale in mineralogy and geochemistry has recently received considerable attention because of its importance for a number of processes ranging from biomineralization to the formation of atmospheric nanoparticles (Banfield and Navrotsky 2002; Hochella 2002a,b). In this review, we will focus on naturally occurring nanotubes, i.e. hollow tubular structures with diameters in the range from about 1 to 1000 nm.
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Krivovichev, S.V. (2008). Nanotubes in Minerals and Mineral-Related Systems. In: Krivovichev, S.V. (eds) Minerals as Advanced Materials I. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77123-4_24
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77123-4_24
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