Heat can be transferred by conduction, convection, and radiation in sediments (Beardsmore and Cull, 2001). The sediment–water–interface temperature and the basal heat flow are the main boundary conditions for heat flow analysis in sediments. Magnitude, orientation and distribution of the heat inflow at the base of the sediments are determined by mechanical and thermal processes of the crust and mantle (Allen and Allen, 2005).
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Hantschel, T., Kauerauf, A.I. (2009). Heat Flow Analysis. In: Fundamentals of Basin and Petroleum Systems Modeling. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72318-9_3
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