Abstract
In human, not only ageing but also chronic stimulation of the immune system (such as viral infections), inflammation, and alterations in nutrition can affect NK cells provoking changes in their receptors expression, cytotoxicity, and response to cytokines. In these clinical circumstances frequently associated with ageing, NK cell functional capacity can be diminished, contributing to immunosenescence, which will render in higher incidence of morbidity and mortality in aged individuals. Therefore, in healthy elderly, including centenarians, NK cell number and function are well preserved, while an increased incidence of infectious and inflammatory diseases and increased risk of death due to infection in the elderly is associated with a decrease in NK cell activity. Furthermore, there is evidence that NK cell function is affected in obese individuals, and it is associated with an increased risk of cancer. The chronic state of inflammation in obesity might contribute to T and NK cell immunosenescence and cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation. Here, we describe recent data regarding the effects of ageing, CMV infection, nutrition, and inflammation on NK cells and its consequences on health status.
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Acknowledgments
We apologize to our colleagues whose work was not cited due to space limitations. This work was supported by grants PS09/00723 and PI13/02691 (to RS) from Spanish Ministry of Health and CTS-208 from Junta de Andalucia (to RS) and SAF2009-09711 and SAF2013-46161-R (to RT) from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain and grants to INPATT research group (GR10104 and GR15183) from Junta de Extremadura and University of Extremadura (to RT) cofinanced by European Regional Development Funds (FEDER).
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Pera, A. et al. (2018). Natural Killer Cells and Health Status: Age, CMV Infection, and Obesity. In: Fulop, T., Franceschi, C., Hirokawa, K., Pawelec, G. (eds) Handbook of Immunosenescence. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_127-1
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Natural Killer Cells and Health Status: Age, CMV Infection, and Obesity- Published:
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_127-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_127-1